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A centrosome is a cellular structure that acts as the main organizing center for microtubules in animal cells. It consists of two centrioles, which are cylindrical structures made up of microtubules, and is involved in processes such as cell division, where it helps to organize the mitotic spindle. Centrosomes play a crucial role in maintaining the cell's shape and facilitating intracellular transport. Additionally, they are important for the proper distribution of chromosomes during cell division.
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Function of microtubules in cell division?
They move vesicles, granules, organelles like mitochondria, and chromosomes via special attachment proteins. They also serve a cytoskeletal role. Structurally, they are linear polymers of tubulin which is a globular protein. These linear polymers are called protofilaments. The figure to the left shows a three dimensional view of a microtubule. The tubulin molecules are the bead like structures. They form heterodimers of alpha and beta tubulin. A protofilament is a linear row of tubulin dimers.
What are the properties and functions of the main parts of an animal cell?
The main parts of an animal cell include the nucleus (contains DNA), cytoplasm (holds organelles), cell membrane (controls what enters and exits), mitochondria (produces energy), endoplasmic reticulum (protein synthesis), Golgi apparatus (modifies and packages proteins), lysosomes (digests waste), and ribosomes (synthesize proteins). These parts work together to carry out essential functions such as cell growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
