passsive
The Philippines is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is a area with a lot of tectonic activity. This leads to the presence of numerous active volcanoes in the country. The volcanoes are distributed along the major tectonic plate boundaries in the Philippines, such as the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate, resulting in a high concentration of active volcanoes.
Dark, very darK! :-) They have certain classes of passage morphology, especially cross-sections, due to their detail mode of formation. The walls have textures related to the specific rock and chemical weathering regime that formed them. All these details are valuable in assessing how the particular cave developed. They can be "active" - carrying the stream still carrying them. They can be "fossil" or "abandoned" - left high and dry by losing their formative streams, and these especially may present large heaps of fallen boulders, sand-banks, rich masses of stalactites and stalagmites, etc. The "passage" may be a vertical shaft, which may or may not open to the surface, and many of these are very impressive indeed. Each cave is unique.
A web-site devoted to the cave's geology(rozylowicz.com) gives passage inception in already-fractured Permian limestone, as 20-30MA, after uplift had advanced sufficiently for karst development to start. I have also seen elsewhere an age of <4MA, but that was based on analysis of minerals in one area of the system. I would though treat Rozy Lowicz's work with some caution because it implies the cave's large passages and chambers were formed by collapse, not dissolution. This cannot happen. Collapses fill caves, not form them. For breakdown to occur, there has to be a void for the weakened rock to collapse into; and in the active phase of the passage the stream erodes fallen rock away. A karst cave passage can only be formed by a stream; but infilled by blockfall as percolation water attacks the rock surrounding the joints in the roof rock. Far more likely the dry passages in Carlsbad Caverns are like those in any fossil cave (including a far more modest caveI am helping explore): the original streams have changed courses or disappeared altogether; and the dry passages are now decaying.
Mount Pelee in Martinique is estimated to be over 100,000 years old. It is a stratovolcano that has been active for thousands of years, with its most famous eruption occurring in 1902.
Dark, very dark... Each cave is individual but they share characteristics for their type. If we stick to caves in limetone, by far the most common, they have any or all of: General passage cross-sections related to the geology and the way they developed, ranging from low horizontal tubes and bedding-planes, to spacious tunnels and canyons or great big chambers or vertical shafts. Erosion features in the roof and walls, created by the stream that formed the passage, and specific to caves. Streams, if "active", with any or all of pools, cascades, waterfalls, shoals and so on. And "sumps" - water-filled sections of passage normally passable, if at all, only by fully-equippped, properly-trained cave-divers. Bare rock floors, or floors covered with sediments ranging from fine silt to boulders - indeed the sediments may choke the passage completely. Features within the sediment: varves, cross-bedding, sorting, etc. Speleothems - calcite formations (stalactites & stalagmites etc). Specialist wildlife such as bats, certain fish and invertebrates. Fungi. No green plants: the ferns and algae growing round the lamps in some show-caves, and called "lampenflora", are a type of pollution introduced as spores on visitors' clothes. Sometimes, fossils may be visible in the walls. No we don't collect them! Stratigraphical and structural controls and features such as folding, stylolites, shale or chert horizons, and of course the joints, bedding-planes and strata. Caves in marble (metamorphosed limestone) may reveal igneous intrusions; the marble having been dissolved away from around them. Cave passages developed on faults, show fault features such as the displacement, breccia and slickensides. Lots of things - that's why they are so fascinating!
Was discovered reflects passive voice. The verb shows no action.The verb does show action but the sentence doesn't tell us who did the action, compare with this active sentence:Charlie Brown discovered the north west passage to India.Or if you want, in a passive sentence you can put the agent (doer of the verb ) at the end of the sentence:The north west passage to India was discovered by Charlie Brown .(Sorry my history knowledge is not good)
Was discovered reflects passive voice. The verb shows no action.The verb does show action but the sentence doesn't tell us who did the action, compare with this active sentence:Charlie Brown discovered the north west passage to India.Or if you want, in a passive sentence you can put the agent (doer of the verb ) at the end of the sentence:The north west passage to India was discovered by Charlie Brown .(Sorry my history knowledge is not good)
Was discovered reflects passive voice. The verb shows no action.The verb does show action but the sentence doesn't tell us who did the action, compare with this active sentence:Charlie Brown discovered the north west passage to India.Or if you want, in a passive sentence you can put the agent (doer of the verb ) at the end of the sentence:The north west passage to India was discovered by Charlie Brown .(Sorry my history knowledge is not good)
Active Transport is the passage of materials across the membrane through the expenditure of energy. Passive Transport is the passage of materials across the membrane without the expenditure of energy. Bulk Transport is the type of active transport. Diffusion and Osmosis are type of passive transport.
passive
active and passive
== == "English grammer active and passive voice change from active to passive .
is a thermocouple an active or passive transducer?-why?
Passive is to change as active is to affect.
passive
Passive
The passive voice must have the verb 'to be' in the correct tense plus the past participle of the main verb. Here are some examples: I do (active)/it is done (passive) I did (active)/it was done (passive) I am doing (active)/it is being done (passive) I was doing (active)/it was being done (passive) and so on So to change protect into the passive would be I protect (active)/ It is protected (passive)