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What has the author George Lucius Collie written?
George Lucius Collie has written: 'The Aurignacians and their culture' -- subject(s): Aurignacian culture
Which humanoids made Aurignacian tools and produced artwork in caves?
Early modern humans (Homo sapiens) were the humanoids who made Aurignacian tools and produced artwork in caves. They lived during the Upper Paleolithic period, around 40,000 to 28,000 years ago, and are known for their sophisticated tools and cave art found in places like Chauvet Cave in France and Altamira Cave in Spain.
What is the oldest known calendar?
The oldest known calendars are lunar based, and the oldest of these discovered thus far comes from the Aurignacian culture, a Paleolithic society that existed in central and southern Europe and southern Asia. Aurignacian culture existed between 47,000 to 41,000 years ago. Alexander Marshack, a paleolithic archeologist, studied and published on several bone carvings and cave drawings discovered in France and Germany depicting a rudimentary lunar calendar.
What has the author Thorsten Uthmeier written?
Thorsten Uthmeier has written: 'Micoquien, Aurignacien und Gravettien in Bayern' -- subject(s): Gravettian culture, Excavations (Archaeology), Paleolithic period, Aurignacian culture, Antiquities
Where were cave paintings found?
The well known cave paintings are in Lascaux, France.
What evidence led the Lartets to draw conclusions about where the Cro-Magnons originally lived?
The Lartets found Cro-Magnon remains associated with a distinctive type of stone tool technology called the Aurignacian industry, which was previously known in the Dordogne region of France. This led them to conclude that the Cro-Magnons may have originally lived in that area.
How did Sumerians develop successful agriculture?
The name Sumerian {or Shinar about 6,000 years ago} is a name of a land in the Chaldees. It was populated with the Chaldeans, as seen in history and maps. This Samara Culture was of the 32,000 yr. Aurignacian Culture seen first in northwestern France. The people were of the ancient 14,000-8,000 yr. At'lan Culture of Brittani. The 35,000 years of Basque history tells this area was of the Atlantiques' Maritime villages. This is the connection of the ancient northwestern France of the Aquilonians-Celts with the Chaldeans of Sumer. Their trade settlements were next to rivers and seas for World Shipping of produce, merchandise, and live stock. Their factories of merchandise and Agricultural land use river water for their production, especially for watering their agricultural land. Their 32,000 year Aurignacian Culture found in northwestern France was as the 'Mu' World Trade Shippers found mainly in the Americas (predominantly in Central America). This World Trade shipping Empire can be seen to have developed into the Atlan Culture found in Balivia, South America. This Atlan shippers were called by the ancient Basque as "Atlantiques" as their maritime villages along northwestern France. Anthropology claims their existence as the 14,000 - 8,000 yr Atilan Culture. This Culture showed a 8,000 yr writing. Their also was found an 8,000 yr goddess named Cybele. These gods can be found in the ancient Sumerian clay Tablets. These findings can show that the 32,000 yr Aurignacian Culture was a parent culture of civilizations that became known as the 5th millennium Sumerian/ Samara Culture that founded the river valleys of the Fertile Crescent between the Euphrates and Tigris. They used the rivers by digging canals from these rivers to water their GARDENS. It included the (Torah-Bible Genesis 2)Gihon River=Nile River from Ethiopia and Pison River (see Pishon village) of the Indus River Valley/Pakistan-India. These are the Fertile valleys of the Sumerian trade Empire after about 2800 BC.
Differentiate Aurignacian art to Magdalenian art?
The short answer is that only the large period of time distinguishes these two ART traditions (about 20,000 years apart). The art is quite similar in subject and in form and techniques. The tools forms, however, are notably different. There is just a lot more image-making found from the Magdalenian, thus, more variety. Hopefully, we will find more Aurignacian cave art soon. Ok, and maybe we don't technically have polychromatic paintings from the Aurignacian, yet. What a great question! In very broad strokes, we are dealing with two of the four cultures of the European Upper Paleolithic, the art of which is mostly yet found in Western Europe (France, Germany, maybe Austria) and defined by lithic analysis (stone tool types) and carbon dates. The Aurignacian is the oldest of these periods and is the first evidence of the presence of fully modern humans, known as Homo sapiens sapiens (you and me), in Europe. They likely came from the East. The Aurignacian period dates roughly from 37,000 years ago to 26,000 years ago. Very recent archaeological work at Hohle Fels, Geissenklosterle, Hohlenstein-Stadel in southwestern Germany uncovered the world's earliest sculptures which date to this time (35,000 ya - see Conard 2009), along with the remains of more than 3 bone and ivory flutes. So, art and music are the twin daughters of modern humans, and imply ritual and complete cognitive modernity (think playing with musical scale). The sculptures are small (2-3 inches). We have some larger pieces as well (the Lion-Human is 9 inches?). Some are very simple animals but show sensitivity to motion and form, if you really look. One is a bird. The Vogelherd horse probably belongs to this tradition and is utterly elegant and was likely handled and worn a lot due to the patina on its surface, suggesting concepts of animism (like a rabbit's foot for protection) and contagious magic. At least two figures are 'transforming'. They are composite figures combining human form (upright posture) with a lion's head and possibly a lion's mane. This also supports a world view involving animism. The lion and human aspects are readily identifiable, one does not have to guess. Also, the Hohlenstein Stadel is definitively male, the shoulder area and upper arm are masculine. 'Tattoos' or marking of some sort are apparent on the shoulder. Finally, the Hohle Fels venus figurine is completely erotic with outlandish exaggeration and attention to the female sexual anatomy. Whoa. The Araucanian's also made paintings and engravings to die for in caves, Chavez cave defies brief description but check out the French Government's website and bow down to the astonishing naturalism, cinematic elements, and intensity of their works. The End Chamber at Chauvet is absolute evidence of image making as hunting magic. The Magdalena period is the most recent of the European Upper Paleolithic cultures (18,500 to 10,500 BC). Perhaps due to being closer to the surface in archaeological strata, or due to population growth in that time, or just luck, archaeologists and pre historians have been amassing material from the Magdalena for 150 years and there is a LOT of stuff. Engraved bones, stones, tools - a veritable 'explosion of culture' in the words of John Pfeiffer - many 'new' tool forms made out of antler (harpoons) and bone. I'm not sure if bone needles are just a Magdalena phenomenon and not an Araucanian tool, as well, I would bet both but there are a lot in the latter period). There are repeated themes in the carvings (a young ibex turns to look at its tail) as if a Paleolithic Wall Mart in the Arie made an order for hundreds of these... bones with mysterious pictures of bear men, of salmon migrating upstream, of plants... basically so much engraving that it boggles the mind. Remember, this was the modern mind, but before TV or theme parks. Some scholars suggest there is notational recording of 'cycles of the moon' or other such phenomena in patterns of dots (Masaryk) Also, a great number of paintings and engravings in cave sites and much of this in very deep cave contexts. Lascaux is an example from 15000 BC - polychromatic paintings, utter creativity, sensitivity to the forms emerging out of cave walls - animals with personality, vitality, motion, shading, volume, line and unique artistic techniques in certain caves to depict depth, for instance. Also, a scene telling a very 'mental' story about a man hunting who may be depicted in trance (Bird Headed Man in Well Scene at Lascaux). Altamira is at the other end of the Magdalena - near the end of the epoch. In the Pyrenees there is the image of a human/animal form high on a cave wall 2 miles down deep. He (genitalia clearly depicted) is bent over, covered with animal fur but his interior musculature clearly rendered - knee cap, thigh muscles, calf muscles, human feet with toes (X ray art) - and staring straight out at the viewer with an animal head and complete with a rack of antlers - okay, and there is also a bone flute found in this cave. A similar figure of a guy wearing a bison skin and head is found at Chavez, so there is not really any distinction in themes between the two periods of time. Just more variety in the Magdalena but don't hold your breath that more things won't be found dating to the Araucanian. Someone once suggested art has gone downhill ever since. Basically, once you get modern humans, you have the potential for incredibly naturalistic art and for complex music - it's hardwired in the brain.
When was ...art created?
Most art historians agree that the first art is the cave paintings made in places like Lascaux, France. The time frame is from 15,000 to 13,000 B.C. The birth of art occurred in the Upper Paleolithic Period where small carved figures have been found, generally known as 'Venus of Willen"dorf' about 22,000 B.C.The problem is that much early "art" may be as "decoration" of small items like pottery. There is some evidence that the Aurignacian culture of the Upper Palaeolithic, located in Europe and southwest Asia may have had art objects for small items and cave paintings. It lasted from 45,000 to 35,000 years ago.The earliest known example of art or design is presently thought to be from a million to 700,000 years old burial site in Java associated with homo erectus. The work consists of a design scratched into the surface of clam shells which were then peirced to be hung as a pendant.
Where did archaeologists find ancient and remarkable prehistoric cave paintings?
The earliest known European cave paintings date to Aurignacian, some 32,000 years ago.
What year was domestic dogs born?
Domestic Dogs weren't born in a specific year. Domestication takes place over the course of many years. Selective breeding can affect a species quite rapidly and is a natural process for humans to initiate. Domestication was most likely done done by accident rather than intentionally. One litter of puppies is born and one is chosen over the rest for certain characteristics such as size, color, bark, friendliness, or other characteristics. Archaeology has placed the earliest known domestication approximately 30,000 B.C., and with certainty at 7,000 BC. Other evidence suggests that dogs were first domesticated in East Asia. Due to the difficulty in assessing the structural differences in bones, the identification of a domestic dog based on cultural evidence is of special value. Perhaps the earliest clear evidence for this domestication is the first dog found buried together with human from 12,000 years ago in Palestine and a burial site in Germany called Bonn-Oberkassel with joint human and dog interments dating to 14,000 years ago. In 2008, re-examination of fossil material excavated from Goyet Cave in Belgium in the late 19th century resulted in the identification of a 31,700 year old dog, a large and powerful animal who ate reindeer, musk oxen and horses. This dog was part of the Aurignacian culture that had produced the art in Chauvet Cave. In 2010, the remains of a 33,000 year old skull of a domesticated Canid from Siberia were found in the Altai Mountains of Southern Siberia. In 2011, the skeleton of a 26,000 to 27,000 year old dog were found in the Czech Republic. It had been interred with a mammoth bone in it's mouth - perhaps to assist it's journey in the afterlife.
All the list of ancient human civilization in the world?
This is an alphabetically ordered list of ancient civilizations. It includes types of cultures, traditions, and industries as well as more traditionally defined civilizations. Abbevillian industry Acheulean industry Aegean civilizations Amratian culture Ancestral Pueblo culture Ancient Egypt Ancient Greek civilization Ancient Iran Ancient Italic people The ancient Middle East Ancient Rome Andean cultures Archaic culture Assyria Aterian industry Aurignacian culture Australian Aboriginal peoples Azilian industry Badarian culture Banpo culture Big-Game Hunting Tradition Boian culture Capsian industry Carthage Chavín Chellean industry Choukoutienian industry Clactonian industry Dawenkou culture Desert cultures Dong Son culture Dorset culture El Argar Erlitou culture Ertebølle industry Fauresmith industry Gerzean culture Ghassulian culture Hohokam culture Hongshan culture Ibero-Maurusian industry Indus civilization Inugsuk culture Ipiutak culture Jōmon culture Kachemak culture Kurgan culture Lapita culture LBK culture Longshan culture Lupemban industry Magdalenian culture Maglemosian industry Magosian industry Mesopotamia Minoan civilization Mississippian culture Moche Mogollon culture Mousterian industry Mycenaean civilization Nachikufan industry Natufian culture Nazca Nok culture Old Cordilleran culture Oldowan industry Osteodontokeratic tool industry Paracas Perigordian industry Phoenicia pre-Columbian civilizations Qijia culture Recuay Sangoan industry Solutrean industry Stillbay industry Tasian culture Tayacian industry Teotihuacán civilization Thule culture Trypillya culture Urnfield culture Villanovan culture Woodland cultures Yangshao culture Yayoi culture
