Why do mine caves collapsed?

Answer 1

Mines and caves are different things.

Mines are often in or below weak strata and have been excavated relatively quickly, intensifying the stress on the overlying rocks.

Caves, which are natural by definition, tend to be in more competent formations, but they can collapse due to erosion. Movements on faults crossing a cave can also produce collapses in the breccia around the fault.

Much of a cave formed on a fault is filled with angular boulders as the surrounding limestone was heavily fractured by the folding and faulting. As the cave developed in the usual way - dissolution of the limestone by water - these blocks simply lost lateral support and fell from the cracked walls.

Answer 2

Mine caves collapse due to various factors, such as improper support systems, geological instability, excessive mining activity, or natural disasters like earthquakes. Poor ventilation, erosion of supporting structures, and outdated infrastructure can also contribute to mine collapses. The safety and stability of mines require careful monitoring and adherence to regulations to prevent such incidents.