=What are the positions of the sun over a year???=
The season
The effect this has is that the location in the sky of the North Celestial Pole is constantly moving. The amount of change over the course of a human lifetime is not perceptible to people who don't make calibrated astronomical measurements.
There are two things that cause it which are the earths orbit and thetilt of the earths axis.
... the fluid state we call 'lava'.
heat and pressure in the earths crust with little if any chemical change.
Earths magnetic orientation is locked into the rock when the rock cools
Earth's magnetic orientation is locked into the rock when the rock cools
earths tempertures
Earths magnetic orientation is locked into the rock when the rock cools
The season
how does earths distance from the sun change throughout the year
because of the location of the moon with respect to the sun and earth.
No, but at the poles the field (because of the orientation of the field lines) offers the least protection.
what involves both chemical and physical change on earths surface
They move the ocean floor as if it were on a giant conveyor belt.
no
They both can change the size of Earths Surface