terrestrial planets Jovian planets
rocky gassy
smaller bigger
warm cold
Earth like Jupiter like
less moons more moons
If by gas you mean an atmosphere, there are no planets with an atmosphere anywhere similar to Earth.
Next after Earth is Mars, then the four "outer planets": Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
The Earth's diameter of 8000 miles compares with 33,000-88,000 miles for the four outer planets.
The earth orbits the sun between the planets Venus and Mars. The other five planets are farther out than Mars. The closest earth gets to Venus is 23.7 million miles. The closest earth gets to Mars is 36.4 million miles.
The Moon is a lot smaller then the Earth.
Jupiter is a Jovian Plant. The adjective Jovian has come to mean anything associated with Jupiter; and by extension, a Jupiter-like planet. The Jovian planets are the gas giants: Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune. Many, if not most, of the exoplanets discovered to date appear to be Jovian. By contrast, terrestrial, aka telluric, aka rocky planets differ significantly from the gas giant/Jovian planets in that they are composed primarily of metals and silicate rocks (hence "rocky" planets) like Earth, aka Terra (from which we get the word terrestrial) and are "Earth-like" as opposed to "jupiter-like"/Jovian. The terrestrial planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. All the dwarf planets are also more terrestrial than jovian.
Earth us a terrestrial planet. Jovian planets are gas giants with no solid surface.
Compared to the size of Earth, the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) are much larger in size. They are called "Jovian" because they are similar in size and composition to Jupiter. Jovian planets are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium gases and have thick atmospheres, making them significantly bigger than Earth.
Mercury is not a jovian planet because all planets after Jupiter and Jupiter are all jovian planets. So Jupiter, Saturn , Uranus , Neptune and the poor old Pluto that was booted from the planets are all jovian.
Jovian means Jupiter-like - these planets are made of gas and are several times more massive than the Earth - like Jupiter.
Planets are categorized as either Jovian or terrestrial based on their composition and physical characteristics. Jovian planets are large gas giants with no solid surface, while terrestrial planets are rocky with a solid surface. Jovian planets are typically further from the sun than terrestrial planets.
Terrestrial planets are rocky, smaller, and closer to the Sun, such as Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Jovian planets are gas giants, larger, and further from the Sun, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Jovian planets have thick atmospheres mainly composed of hydrogen and helium, while terrestrial planets have thin atmospheres and solid surfaces.
Pluto is the only "planet" that isn't a planet. Well I think that the IAU still have not answered the question WHAT MAKES A PLANET A PLANET? Is it a certain size or something? Comment : The IAU have defined a planet. The definition is mainly about size, but it's not simple: 1) The object must be big enough for gravity to have formed it into a (roughly) spherical shape. 2) The object must be by far the largest object in the neighbourhood of its orbit. Pluto qualifies on 1) but fails on 2). Also, Venus and Mercury are sometimes called "morning stars" or "evening stars", but they are planets.
Jovian Planets do not have a solid surface to stand on.
Terrestrial planets are rocky, dense planets that are closer to the sun, such as Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Jovian planets, also known as gas giants, are larger planets made mostly of gases like hydrogen and helium, and include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
Inner planets are terrestrial planets outer are jovian planets
There are 4 terrestrial planets:MercuryVenusEarthMarsThere are 4 Jovian planets (gas giants):JupiterSaturnUranusNeptuneFurthermore, all 5 dwarf planets are terrestrial:CeresPlutoHaumeaMakemakeEris