Answer given by Ptorquemada, I couldn't do better, so credits to him.
Copy/pasted:
You're probably not going to like this answer much:
The same way it moves in any other orbital.
You're most likely being confused by the depiction of a p orbital as a "figure 8" shape and the common (mis)conception that orbitals are like orbits. In actuality, the behavior of electrons is very different from that of ordinary objects large enough for us to observe directly.
The truth is that the electron in a p (or any other) orbital has a certain probability, described by the wavefunction, of being found at any particular location. In a p orbital, there is a nodal plane, where the electron has zero probability of being found ever; on both sides of the nodal plane, there is a nonzero probability of finding the electron.
So how does it get from one side to the other if it can't go through the plane in between?
Welcome to Quantum Mechanics, where you're not allowed to ask questions like that. (Actually, it's because you're thinking of an electron as a particle, but here is where its wave character comes out; it's on both sides at the same time, and only when you attempt to detect it does the wavefunction collapse and give it a definite location, which has to be on one side or the other.)
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plasma
The wavelength that will cause electrons to travel faster when hitting uranium is 100nm. If the wavelength was any lower, electrons would not move as fast.
None, because they don't "move around in different path ways". They exist as a probability density function. It's a mistake to try to apply everyday experience to electrons, because quantum is weird.For example: it's common in basic chemistry textbooks to show the p orbitals as kind of dumbbell-shaped objects, which makes many students think the electrons are travelling in a sort of figure-8 loop. This is not at all the case. There is a probability of the electron being on one side of the nucleus. There is an equal probability of it being on the other side. The probability of it being on the "nodal plane" between the two is preciselyzero. It doesn't "move through" the plane, it's just on one side part of the time and the other part of the time.
Flowing electrons makes electricity (they flow from negative to positive. ). You need a circuit or a path for the electrons to move through, a power source like a battery or a generator, and something to use the electricity, like a light bulb...
Orbitals
The electrons become excited and move to higher energy orbitals.
Electrons exist in the electron cloud that surrounds the nucleus of an atom. This cloud is made up of the various orbitals that hold the electrons. Orbitals are regions of space in which the probability of finding an electron is the highest. The electrons orbit the nucleus in these orbitals and can move from one orbital to another as they gain or lose energy. 1s Orbital: This orbital is closest to the nucleus and can hold up to two electrons. 2s Orbital: This orbital is farther away from the nucleus and can hold up to two electrons. 2p Orbitals: These orbitals are even farther away from the nucleus and can hold up to six electrons. 3s Orbital: This orbital is farthest away from the nucleus and can hold up to two electrons. 3p Orbitals: These orbitals are even farther away from the nucleus and can hold up to six electrons. 3d Orbitals: These orbitals are the farthest away from the nucleus and can hold up to ten electrons.These orbitals are filled in a specific order with the 1s orbital being filled first then the 2s 2p 3s 3p and finally the 3d orbitals. The electrons in the outermost orbitals are called valence electrons and are responsible for the chemical properties of the atom.
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons that are found in the outer most shell of an atom, and are consequently the electrons that move from atom to atom in the formation of compounds. The reason for this is a result of the electron configuration. A nitrogen atom has 3 orbitals; the 1s orbital, the 2s orbital, and the 2p orbital. In this case, the 2s and 2p orbitals are the valence orbitals, as they have the electrons with the most energy. With 7 protons, a neutral nitrogen atom has 7 electrons. The s orbitals can only hold 2 electrons, and the p orbitals can hold up to 6 electrons. The 1s orbital is filled first, leaving five electrons, then the 2s orbital is filled, leaving 3 electrons, and then these remaining electrons fill the 2p orbital halfway. There are a total of 5 electrons in the 2s and 2p orbitals, and since these orbitals have the most energy, there are 5 valence electrons.
Electrons surround the nucleus of an atom in patterns called electron shells.
Its called the electron shell. Electrons will always fill up low orbitals first in the shell, an then as more energy is added to the atom, the electrons move up an orbit, then release the energy in some form, and they move back down to the lowest energy orbit.
There is no simple answer to your question, as your question is too broad and undefined. For simple atoms, the number of valence electrons is the number of electrons in unfilled electron shells, which are then available for bonding to another atom. Oxygen with 8 total electrons has 6 paired electrons in filled electron orbitals, and 2 valence electrons in unfilled orbitals. That is why it forms bonds with 2 hydrogen molecules to form water (H2O) The number of valence electrons can change when you add or remove electrons from an atom, or in more complex atoms where filled orbitals to unfilled orbitals have the same energy and electrons can move from one to another depending on the number of other atoms it is binding with.
Adding more electrons that need to occupy higher energy orbitals
Electrons have negative charges, and unlike neutrons and protons are located on the outside of the atom. They are generally located in electron clouds around the atom, and stay there because of their attraction to protons that are in the nucleus of the atom.
Because I'm good at black ops 2
The 2p orbitals.
In orbitals, quantum mechanical statistical clouds that can each hold a maximum of 2 electrons (one spin up, one spin down).