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by the russians. it was a hollowed out nuclear missile

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No, and furthermore, no.

Sputnik was the name given to the first man-made object to successfully

achieve low-earth-orbit, after earlier failed attempts in both the USA and

the USSR.

It was not the first intended artificial satellite to be launched, only the first to

succeed. And it didn't go anywhere near "outer space", just into thin-enough

atmosphere that it was able to stay there for a few months before it fell out of

orbit and burned up.

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