Thrust
A normal fault.
thrust
Faults are breaks in the crust where the crust has moved. The types of dip-slip faults are normal and reverse faults. In both of these, the movement is along the slope of the fault. Sudden movements along these faults can produce fault scarps. Layers of rock being misaligned is evidence of fault movement. Fault creep is caused by slow movement along the fault.In a normal fault, the plates are moving away from each other. This is due to tension. When the fault moves, the footwall rises relative to the hanging wall. Normal faults occur at divergent boundaries, such as ocean ridges. Normal faults can produce fault-block mountains.In a reverse fault, the plates are moving towards each other. This is due to compression. Here, the footwall falls relative to the hanging wall. A thrust fault is a special type of reverse fault, where the angle is shallow. Reverse faults occur at convergent boundaries, like subduction zones.A strike-slip fault is where the two plates move horizontally past each other. The force between them is called shearing. This type of fault is often called a transform fault, because they occur at transform boundaries.
They are called fault lines.
Strike-Slip, Reverse, and Normal Faults.A more detailed answerThere are broadly 5 types of fault. These include the following:Dip-slip faultsStrike-slip / transcurrent faultsOblique-slip faultsListric faultRing faultDip slip faults are those where the relative motion on the fault is broadly vertical. Examples include normal faults where the hanging wall moves down relative to the foot wall. Reverse faults have the opposite sense of motion, with the hangingwall moving up relative to the footwall. Thrust faults are a special type of reverse fault where the dip of the fault plane is at a shallower angle than 45 degrees from the horizontal.Strike slip or transcurrent faults are those where the relative motion on the fault is broadly horizontal. The fault plane in these types of faults is normally near vertical and the sense of motion is described in terms of the relative movement of the rockmass on the far side of the fault plane. If this relative movement is to the left, then it is known as a sinistral fault. If the motion is to the right it is a dextral fault.Oblique slip faults are those which have a significant component of both vertical and horizontal movement. They can be thought of as a composite of the dip slip and strike slip faults.Listric faults are characterised by a curved fault plane surface. They usually start off relatively steep and then become more shallow with increased depth and may ultimately become horizontal.Ring faults are a special type of fault associated with the formation of a caldera during the collapse of a volcano.
The footwall
It is called a Normal Fault.
In a normal fault, the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall, whereas in a reverse fault, the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
That geological structure is called a normal fault, where the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall. If the hanging wall slides up and over the footwall, it is known as a reverse fault.
In a normal fault, the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall, creating extensional forces. In a reverse fault, the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall, generating compressional forces.
Reverse Fault
Reverse Fault
A normal fault.
Thrust
Thrust
A reverse fault is a fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.
The bottom half of a fault is typically referred to as the "footwall." In geological terms, the footwall is the block of rock situated beneath the fault plane, while the block above the fault plane is called the "hanging wall." This terminology is used to describe the relative positions of these rock masses in relation to the fault.