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One type of deep cut is an oceanic trench. These are formed above subduction zones. Which are created as the result of one of the Earth's tectonic plates gradually being forced beneath another - when two tectonic plates collide, oceanic crust always becomes forced underneath continental crust because oceanic crust is denser and heavier, whereas continental crust is lighter and more buoyant. They are often ringed by parallel volcanic mountain chains. Examples of this situation include the Atacama trench & Andes mountains and the Aleutian trench & Aleutian chain. These boundaries are known as convergent or destructive plate boundaries.

Another type of deep cut is the opposite of the above. This is known as a mid-ocean ridge, and this is where new oceanic crust is created (to eventually be destroyed at a subduction zone). This is a known as a divergent or constructive boundary. New ocean floor is gradually being erupted where the tectonic plate is stretched thin and the hot mantle material is able to well up and melt due to a drop in pressure. This system is not uniform, and often creates huge undersea mountain chains with valleys and peaks, showing as a tennis-ball style scar running throughout the world's oceans on maps.

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12y ago

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