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A neon lamp is a gas discharge lamp containing primarily neon gas at low pressure. The term is sometimes used for similar devices filled with other noble gases, usually to produce different colors.

A small electric current, which may be AC or DC, is allowed through the tube, causing it to glow orange-red. The exact formulation of the gas is typically the classic Penning mixture, 99.5% neon and 0.5% argon, which has lower striking voltage than pure neon. The applied voltage must initially reach the striking voltage before the lamp can light. Once lit, the voltage required to sustain operation is significantly (~30%) lower. When driven from a DC source, only the negatively charged electrode (cathode) will glow. When driven from an AC source, both electrodes will glow (each during alternate half cycles). Neon lamps operate using a low current glow discharge. Higher power devices, such as Mercury-vapor lamps or metal halide lamps use a higher current arc discharge.

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