Neutral colors on a political map represent parties that have no loyalty to the Republicans or Democrats. This can include independent party and tea bag members. It can also include voters that may still be a part of the two major parties, however, decided to vote for smaller third parties.
8 different colors
short answer
There are dozens of different types of maps, designed for different purposes. You might use a political map to see the borders of countries, states and counties, and to see the locations of capital cities and seats of various levels of government.
Land forms and mountains
The purpose of a political boundary map is to show the boundaries that separate countries throughout the world, as well as the states or provinces within them; giving you insight on the location of different places and their relativity to other locations.
It depends on the map. On a political map they would show different countries. On a relief map they would show hills and mountains. On a thematic map they would display data.
8 different colors
They usually represent different countries. However on some maps it can show the climate, temperatures, population density, disease density... The list goes on, but I would recommend looking at the title of the map to show you what the colours mean. Sorry if a bit vague, but I haven't seen the map so I couldn't say. :) :) :) :) :)
represent
The color scheme on a map is used to represent different categories or data values. For example, different colors may be used to show political boundaries, elevation levels, climate zones, population density, or thematic features such as forests or bodies of water. The color scheme helps to quickly convey information and make the map more visually engaging and informative.
A political map is one that shows the borders of countries and states.
A choropleth map uses different colors to represent different countries or states and their boundaries. Each color represents a different category or value assigned to the geographic regions being displayed.
A political map typically shows boundaries of countries, states, and cities, as well as capitals and other major cities. It may also display other political features like labeling of territories and disputed regions. Political maps often use different colors or symbols to represent different countries or political entities.
A political map.
A political map serves this purpose as opposed to a physical map which shows features of geography, such as mountains
Different colors on a map typically represent different categories or types of data. For example, in a topographic map, different colors may indicate varying elevations. In a thematic map, colors may represent different levels of a particular variable, such as population density or average temperature.
See the related link below for a political map of California.