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The function of arteries is to take blood from the heart to parts of the body.

There are two sets of arteries (relating to each side of the heart):-

  1. those that take blood from the heart to the lungs to be re-oxygenated; known as the pulmonary arteries. These are the only arteries that transport de-oxygenated blood.
  2. those that take blood from the heart to the rest of the body including the heart muscles so as to keep the heart going (known as the coronary arteries), to the brain (known as cerebral arteries) and all the muscles and skeleton. These arteries all transport oxygenated blood.

Because the blood is under pressure as it leaves the heart and because this pressure needs to be maintained to ensure that the blood reaches the extremities of the body, arteries have thick, muscular walls.

NOTE The function of veins is to return blood to the heart. Veins have thinner walls and have one way valves in them.

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