P waves or pressure waves are the fastest traveling, and tend to be the primary waves to hit after an earthquake has begun. As such they tend to not be as destructive as the waves that follow. The most destructive waves tend to be the aftershock waves of an earthquake because the structural integrity of a building becomes comprimised by the main event of the earthquake causing it to not be able to withstand the after shocks despite the diminished seismic magnitude of the aftershock waves.
The energy of all land based earthquakes are transmitted through the Earth's crust by seismic waves, (oceanic earth quakes tend to create oceanic tidal waves or tsunamis which can be very destructive as well) the force of which can be measured by a seismometer and recorded using the Richter magnitude scale which ranges from 2.0 (micro) to 10+ (epic). The amount of damage done to buildings, cities, and infrastructures depends entirely on the magnitude of the earthquake, their location relative to the epicenter of that earthquake, and the overall stability, structural integrity, and earthquake preparedness of that building, city or infrastructure. As an example, the recent tragic catastrophy in Haiti was devistating due not only to the fact that the earthquake was a magnitude 7 (major) on the Richtor magnitude scale but the structural integrity of many of the buildings was deteriorating and the infrastructure to respond to the damage caused by a major earthquake was not as well established and prepared as it could have been because of the level of poverty that the whole country suffers from. Because of those factors, the earthquake in Haiti was very destructive and catastrophic not only to the indevidual buidlings but to the national infrastructure as well, (meaning that the sea ports and airports were destroyed and are having a hard time receiving aid, and the first responders to the earthquake are not as prepared for a catastrophe of this magnitude as they could have been.) An earthquake of the same magnitude in a city like Las Angeles would probably not cause the same severity of trauma and destruction to the buildings and infrastructure of the city itself due to the earthquake preparedness of that region and the well established financial infrastructure and supporting networks of the region and surrounding states. For more information, please see the related links section of this answer page.
Surface waves due to their high amplitudes.
Love and Rayleigh waves which are collectively known as surface waves cause the most damage during earthquakes.
Build stronger foundations and use things to protect the bottom of the building, like sandbags etc
Seismic waves affect us because they are what causes the motion from an earthquake that destroy buildings and such. The three types of seismic waves are surface waves primary waves also called P-waves and secondary waves also called S-waves.
what makes an earthquake so destructive is force. force is key. without force you have nothing. so when there is an earthquake tension pulls the earths curst together and the earth almost sneezes. when force puts the tension on the earth's crust seismometers measure the three earthquake waves...rolling waves, f waves, and lateral waves.
dont come on ask google it
Surface waves
A Pwave is the first wave to arrive during an earthquake, P waves compress and then expand. They can damage buildings.
The L- Wave or the Love and Rayleigh waves (collectively known as surface waves) cause most of the damage during an earthquake.
P waves do not cause significant damage to buildings, due to their bigger amplitudes.
The L wave, or Love wave (named after British geophysicist A. E. H. Love), causes rock to move horizontally, or side to side at right angles to the direction of the traveling wave, with no vertical displacements. L waves are surface waves that cause damage as they shake the ground underneath the foundations of buildings and other structures. This is a piece of junk.
seismic waves
Surface waves (e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves) that produce vertical motion of the ground surface produce the most damage during an earthquake.
The L- Wave or the Love and Rayleigh waves (collectively known as surface waves) cause most of the damage during an earthquake.
Waves that can make the ground roll like ocesn waves; they usually cause the most damage during the earthquake
Earthquake aftershocks.the arrival of surface waves
The ground vibrations, however, were too rapid to affect taller buildings, whose periods of vibration were longer than the earthquake waves, and too slow to affect shorter buildings, whose periods of vibration were shorter.
p waves