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In our Universe, various quantities come in "chunks" called "quanta." Amongst these are electricity, which cannot come in any amount smaller than one elementary charge.

For (relatively) large things, we can have two objects separated by distances (in micrometers) of 1.000 or 2.000 or 1.500 or 1.379. However, as objects get smaller and smaller, we find that, in our Universe, the quantitization of quantities becomes more and more important.

One such quantized quantity is energy state. Basically, when an electron is within the electric field of a proton, our Universe REQUIRES that the electron be in a specific orbital (try not to confuse that word with "orbits," which implies that the electron is circling around the proton) outside the proton.

The lowest possible orbital that our Universe will permit an electron to be around a proton is the 's' orbital, in which the electron is MOST LIKELY to be about one angstrom from the proton, with no preference for direction. In other words, this orbital resembles (note the word!) a shell. Our Universe will not permit an electron to be in any lower energy state; ie, it can NOT get any closer to a proton.

Don't like this fact about our Universe? Unfortunately, this is the one we'll have to learn about -- we don't have any other Universes to choose from.

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13y ago

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