is energy level depend on electrons, i means is the shell having more electrons have more energy?
the ocean absorbes solar energy because it has a low albedo.
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For low energy bulbs the usual saving in input energy is a factor of 5, so a 95 watt bulb should consume about 20 watts. However this should be shown on the box, if you have it.
Calcium is the most chemically active alkaline earth metal because it has a relatively low ionization energy compared to its group counterparts, which allows it to easily lose its two valence electrons. This property makes calcium more reactive, particularly with water and acids, leading to the formation of hydroxides and salts. Additionally, its larger atomic size compared to beryllium and magnesium results in a weaker attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons, further enhancing its reactivity.
The electron configuration is why they react. The Alkali metals have one electron in their outer shell and to complete their outer shell need 7 more electrons. They can give, take or share electrons with other atoms. This is when the Halogens come in handy. The Halogens have 7 electrons in their outer shells, and need one more to complete the outer shell. These can react very easily because they have both the perfect amounts to fill their outer shells and become compounds. Other atoms with other amounts to become atoms not ions needs another element to react with. Hope this helps, Matt.
The outer electron shell of an atom is called the valence shell. The electrons in the valence shell are called valence electrons. The valence electrons of most metals are not very well bound to the atom making them good conductors. The kinetic energy of the valence electrons of an element is determined by the amount of valence electrons (less is better, one is optimal) and the distance of the valence electrons from the nucleus. Example: Silver is the best metallic conductor, it has five shells with one electron in it's outer shell, copper has four shells with one electron in it's outer shell. Silver's fifth shell is further away from the nucleus than copper's fourth shell making silver a better conductor even though they both have one valence electron.
Valence electrons generally have higher energy compared to core electrons because they are located in the outermost shell of an atom and are involved in chemical bonding. Their higher energy allows them to be more easily lost or shared during chemical reactions. This makes them crucial for determining an atom's reactivity and the types of bonds it can form.
have completely filled valence shell obey octet rule generally chemically inert
valence electrons. This shared characteristic contributes to their reactivity, softness, and low melting points. The elements in group 2 include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium.
Noble gases are known for their low reactivity because they have a full valence shell of electrons, making them stable and less likely to form compounds with other elements.
Argon has low electrical resistivity because it is a noble gas with a full valence electron shell, allowing for easy flow of electrons through the gas.
The size of xenon allows the inner electrons to shield the valence shell electrons reducing the ionization energy. The ionization energy is only low enough to allow reactions with the most electronegative elements.
The fewer numbers of valence electrons, and the farther away those valence electrons are from the nucleus, the lower the ionization energy will be. So your group 1 and 2 metals toward the bottom of those groups will have low ionization energies, and therefore be very reactive.
Group A1 of the Periodic Table (Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium . . . ) is an Alkali Metal and only has one valance electron. If the element were to lose that electron, it forms an ion. Each element violently reacts when combined with water.
Alkali metals are more reactive as they are in group 1 and therefore has only one valence electron. With only one valence electron, its easy for them to achieve inert configuration/ noble gas configuration, which makes them so reactive.
The alkali metals easily yield the one electron found in their valence shell, to bond with other elements. Since it takes so little energy to remove this electron from an alkali metal (i.e., they have a low ionization energy) these metals are never found in nature in their elemental forms (they are too reactive; i.e., their atoms so easily bond to other atoms).
The valence electron shell of noble gases id completely filled; as a consequence the affinity for electrons and the chemical reactivity are at an extremely low level.