The perspective rediscovered in Western art is linear perspective, which was formalized during the Renaissance in the 15th century. Artists like Filippo Brunelleschi and later Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael employed this technique to create the illusion of depth on flat surfaces, allowing for more realistic spatial representation. This innovation transformed the way space and proportion were depicted in art, leading to a more immersive viewer experience. Linear perspective remains a foundational principle in Western art and architecture today.
Contemporary design originated in the mid-20th century, primarily in Western countries, particularly the United States and Europe. It emerged as a reaction against the ornate styles of previous eras, emphasizing minimalism, functionality, and the use of new materials and technologies. Influences from movements like Modernism and Bauhaus played a significant role in shaping contemporary design, which continues to evolve by incorporating global influences and addressing sustainability.
mathematics and science
Donatello
Byzantine artists were the first Western artists to develop the use of abstraction.
Greece!
With the advent of the twentieth century, Western ideas and customs Japanese. European influences in literature are manifested in translation and imitation, especially in fiction.
Christians introduced Western influences, such as European art, music, and architecture, to Japan during the 16th century. However, due to the isolationist policies adopted by the Tokugawa shogunate, Christianity was banned, which led to the religion being driven underground. Despite this, Christian ideas still had some influence on Japanese culture, particularly in the areas of literature and language.
Armando Martins Janeira has written: 'Japanese and Western literature' -- subject(s): American and Japanese, Comparative Literature, European and Japanese, History and criticism, Japanese and American, Japanese and European, Japanese literature, Literature, Comparative
Eastern and Western influences,
Three notable Greek and Roman influences are architecture, philosophy, and governmental systems. Greek architecture, characterized by columns and symmetry, heavily inspired Roman structures like temples and public buildings. Philosophically, the works of thinkers such as Plato and Aristotle shaped Western thought, while Roman law and governance laid the foundation for modern legal and political systems. Additionally, art and theater from both cultures continue to influence contemporary literature and performance.
traditional African culture and European culture/Western culture
••The rule of the Eastern and Western Chalukyas did much good for the Kannada Literature. The "three gems" of Kannada literature, Adikavi Pampa, Sri Ponna and Ranna existed during the ChalukyanRule.
The Roma emperors lived such a long time ago that they do not influence us today. What influences us is Roman civilisation in general through it art, architecture, literature, legal concepts, the use of Latin words in science, medicine and theology, the Latin alphabet which has been adapted and adopted by all western European languages, and through languages as Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian are languages derived from Latin.
Haiqing Li has written: 'Zhongguo jian zhu xian dai zhuan xing' -- subject(s): Architecture, History, Western influences
Western Literature Association was created in 1965.
Philippine literature has been present long before the Spanish colonization in the 16th century. Pre-colonial literature includes oral tradition, folklore, and epic poems. During the Spanish colonial period, Philippine literature evolved with the introduction of Western influences and production of works in Spanish.