Main sequence stars vary widely in temperature and brightness, depending on their mass. While some main sequence stars, like red dwarfs, are cool and dim, others, such as blue giants, are hot and very bright. The majority of main sequence stars, however, are found in the middle range of the spectrum, often classified as yellow or orange stars like our Sun. Thus, it is not accurate to say that main sequence stars are mostly cool and bright; they exhibit a broad range of characteristics.
Cool red giant stars are located in the upper right corner of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, where they are both cool (low temperature) and bright (high luminosity). These stars have evolved from main sequence stars and are in a late stage of stellar evolution.
Red giants.
Correct. M-type stars on the main sequence are called red dwarfs.
Our sun is a typical star compared to others in the universe. It is a G-type main-sequence star, similar in size, age, and composition to many other stars. It is not particularly large or small, hot or cool, bright or dim in comparison to the billions of stars in the galaxy.
Most stars are plotted along the main sequence in the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram, which extends diagonally from the upper left (hot and luminous stars) to the lower right (cool and less luminous stars). This is because the majority of stars, including our Sun, spend the majority of their lives in the main sequence phase where they are fusing hydrogen into helium.
Cool red giant stars are located in the upper right corner of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, where they are both cool (low temperature) and bright (high luminosity). These stars have evolved from main sequence stars and are in a late stage of stellar evolution.
the ones in the sky
Red giants.
None of them are cool and dim; the one in the white/black dwarfs are cool and dim.
To be bright you need to be hot, close or have a large surface area. The brightest coolest stars are red super giants. They have such a large surface area, that even though their surface temperature is cool - in star terms - their large surface area makes them appear bright.
Correct. M-type stars on the main sequence are called red dwarfs.
Hot stars are found in the left hand side of the diagram, cool stars the right, bright stars at the top, and lastly the faint stars are located at the bottom.
No. All stars are hot. For stars on the main sequence, the largest it is, the hotter it is. When a star leaves the main sequence to become a giant or supergiant it will cool down, but will remain hot enough to glow brightly.
Our sun is a typical star compared to others in the universe. It is a G-type main-sequence star, similar in size, age, and composition to many other stars. It is not particularly large or small, hot or cool, bright or dim in comparison to the billions of stars in the galaxy.
top,right
A red dwarf star. See related question.
The lower right part of the main sequence in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram contains the stars that took the longest to reach the main sequence. These stars are low mass and cool, so they undergo a longer contraction phase before they start fusing hydrogen in their cores and settle onto the main sequence.