How does the distance from the sun affect planet Jupiter?

Answer 1

The positions where the planets were formed in the Solar System are generally independent from one another. However, massive planets like Jupiter do 'perturb' other planets over vast periods of time but only if they are fairly close (the ice ages are thought to be connected with the gravitational interaction between the Earth and Venus). It is thought that the planets have had roughly the same size orbits since they were formed four and a half billion years ago.

The space between Mars and Jupiter is very large - 4.7 times the distance of the Sun from the Earth (700 million km). If another Jupiter-like planet were too close to Mars, that planet could become one of its moons though I doubt whether Earth would because it would be 75 million km at the closest. The furthest satellite of Jupiter is only 24 million km away from it. And it has had a lot of asteroids to choose from to capture over those four and a half billion years!

Answer 2

The distance from the sun affects Jupiter's temperature and orbit. Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun, which influences its position in the solar system and its temperature. Being further from the sun also means that Jupiter has a longer orbit period compared to inner planets like Earth and Venus.

Answer 3

The extreme distance of Jupiter from the sun makes the planet extremely cold. It does not have seasons and takes 11.86 Earth years to make one revolution around the sun.