The closest they can ever be is on the order of 1,200,000,000 km; on average it's about 20% more than that.
Note that it's not a simple matter of "point your spaceship in the right direction and just keep going straight", because that's not how celestial mechanics works. Voyager 1 passed by Saturn (and Enceladus as well) about 3 years after launch; Voyager 2 (which was actually launced first) took 4 years to get there, because it was launched along a different trajectory.
The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in about 365.25 days, which is one year.
Earth takes 24 hours to revolve on its axis. A revolution is orbiting around the sun and not on its axis.
one day
A day on Mercury is 58.646 Earth days long
The planet earth makes one revolution about it's axis in relation to the sun once a day (24 hours).
One year
27.32 days
365.25 days
29 earth years
About 687 Earth days.
11.9 Earth years
One revolution of the Earth is called a day. One orbit around the Sun is called a year.
The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in about 365.25 days, which is one year.
One revolution of the Earth on it's axis takes 24 hours. One rotation of the Earth around the sun takes 365.25 days.
One revolution of the Earth on it's axis takes 24 hours. One rotation of the Earth around the sun takes 365.25 days.
Each day is 2802 Earth hours long. Each year is 224.7 Earth days long.
Earth takes 24 hours to revolve on its axis. A revolution is orbiting around the sun and not on its axis.