How many moons does Mars have and why?

Answer 1

Two natural satellites of Mars have been discovered, and have been named "Phobos" and "Deimos". They are relatively small bodies, even for satellites.

As far as the motives for their creation and placement are concerned, you'd have to ask the responsible party.

Answer 2

Mars has two moons named Phobos and Deimos. These moons are thought to be captured asteroids that originated from the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Their irregular shapes and composition support this theory.