If the International Space Station is only 199 to 215 miles away from earth why does it take so long for the shuttle to get there at the speed it travels?

Answer 1

The space shuttle does not go directly to the ISS. There are many in-space preparations that have to be done before the complicated docking process can begin. The space shuttle systems need to be checked in orbit and the payload bay doors need to be opened. Since the Columbia disaster, there is also an additional safety check of the shuttle's thermal tiles by the robotic arm and boom. It usually takes some time for the shuttle to catch up with the ISS - about two days. It would be too dangerous to launch the shuttle directly towards the ISS and it is deliberately launched when the ISS is not passing overhead.

Answer 2

The speed of the space shuttle, even though fast (about 17,500 miles per hour), still takes time to cover the distance due to the limits of acceleration and deceleration in the vacuum of space. Also, the shuttle has to carefully align its trajectory to match the orbit of the International Space Station and perform maneuvers to dock safely. Additionally, there are safety protocols and procedures that need to be followed during the journey to ensure a successful mission.