If the sun was replaced by a star with twice as much mass the gravitational force would be unbalanced and the new sun would burn the earth because if the gravitational force cannot hold than the sun would plummet towards the earth and burn it.
The gravitational pull between earth and the spacecraft will become insignificant.
The gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon will continue to exist and affect their orbits. Over time, tidal forces will cause the Moon to move further away from the Earth, which will result in a weaker gravitational force between them.
As the moon gets further and further away, the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon decreases. Because the Moon is not being attracted but being pushed away from the Earth. If the gravitational force would have increased, the moon would come closer and closer to the Earth.
Earth has gravity or gravitational force that attracts the moon to the Earth.
The magnitude of the gravitational force between the sun and Earth would decrease if Earth was placed in Pluto's orbit. This is because the force of gravity between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, so as Earth moved farther away from the sun (as in Pluto's orbit), the gravitational force would weaken.
The gravitational pull between earth and the spacecraft will become insignificant.
Tidal waves
The gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon will continue to exist and affect their orbits. Over time, tidal forces will cause the Moon to move further away from the Earth, which will result in a weaker gravitational force between them.
The gravitational force between the Earth and sun certainly depends on the distance between the Earth and sun. But the gravitational force between, for example, the Earth and me does not.
Double
As the moon gets further and further away, the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon decreases. Because the Moon is not being attracted but being pushed away from the Earth. If the gravitational force would have increased, the moon would come closer and closer to the Earth.
The magnitude of the force would decrease greatly.
The magnitude of the force would decrease greatly.
Earth has gravity or gravitational force that attracts the moon to the Earth.
The magnitude of the gravitational force between the sun and Earth would decrease if Earth was placed in Pluto's orbit. This is because the force of gravity between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, so as Earth moved farther away from the sun (as in Pluto's orbit), the gravitational force would weaken.
The earth's constant orbit around the sun is caused by an equilibrium between two forces - the gravitational pull of the sun, and the earth's velocity acting at a right angle to it. If that gravitational pull was suddenly eliminated, the earth would continue onwards in a straight line.
If the gravitational field of the sun collapses, the earth is likely to come to an end.