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Presently, they are very expensive to get into space. Private industries are attempting to get into the space race and lower the costs to the point where it becomes more accessible in general, but as it is currently run by governments, the cost per pound of equipment being sent into space is between $1,700 and $6,500. Additionally, near-Earth space, being a hard vacuum close to a star (our sun) is an extremely hostile environment. Radiation from the Sun is not blocked by atmosphere, and any travel beyond near-Earth removes the protection of the Earth's magnetic field. Additionally, we've actually reached the point now where collisions between satellites is not inconceivable. We tend to re-use the same orbits and they are starting to get cluttered.

For humans in space, the issues are compounded. Microgravity is very hard on human bodies, muscle tissue and bone density suffer greatly. The environment in which they live must be self-contained; a breach in the outer skin of a space ship could doom the entire crew. And essentially all organic materials must be recycled with extreme efficiency in order to prevent toxic buildup and to allow the crew to have breathable air, drinkable water, and for any extended trip, edible food.

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