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These detect the brightness of light. [The cones detect the colour.] The rod cells are about 100 times more sensitive to light than a cone cell. You have up towards 100 million rod cells in each eye.

They are less concentrated in the centre of the visual field, which is why in dim conditions, you may see something more clearly by looking slightly to the side of the object, rather than looking directly at the object.

The rod cells are much more sensitive to detect flickering - particularly towards the periphery of your vision. This is why a flickering fluorescent lamp off to the side may be annoying, but when you look directly at it, it appears to be OK. This is possibly an ancient evolutionary aid to survival.

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