Odd question: it if didn't have a roof it would not be a cave; it would be a canyon or ravine. It's simply the bedrock rock that spans the void that is the cave.
Excessive pressure from overlying structures over a cavern can cause the collapse of the cavern roof, leading to sinkholes, subsidence of the ground surface, or even a catastrophic cave-in event.
No, it is stalactites that form on the ceilings. Stalagmites form on the cavern floors.
Stalagmites
true!
No, stalactites grow downward from the ceiling of a cavern due to the dripping of mineral-rich water, usually calcium carbonate, which solidifies and forms the stalactite over time. Stalagmites, on the other hand, grow up from the floor of the cavern due to the mineral-rich water dripping onto the ground.
sinkhole
stalactite
A large hole in the ground formed when the roof of a cavern collapses is known as a sinkhole. Sinkholes can vary in size and are typically caused by natural processes such as erosion and the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone.
Excessive pressure from overlying structures over a cavern can cause the collapse of the cavern roof, leading to sinkholes, subsidence of the ground surface, or even a catastrophic cave-in event.
The calcium deposit formed from water dripping through the roof of a cavern is called a stalactite. Stalactites hang from the roof of the cave and are formed as mineral-rich water drips down and leaves behind calcium deposits that slowly build up over time.
Stalagmite. That from the roof is a stalactite - think G for Ground and C for Ceiling.
Cavern formation can be related to mass wasting when the roof of a cavern collapses due to material being eroded or removed from the surrounding area by mass wasting processes. This can weaken the structural integrity of the cavern, leading to a collapse event. Additionally, mass wasting can also occur within a cavern if loose material on the walls or floor is destabilized by the movement of the cavern walls during mass wasting events.
Excessive pressure from overlying structures can cause collapse of the cavern, leading to sinkholes or subsidence. It can also potentially lead to the rupture of the cavern roof, resulting in a cave-in or collapse. Additionally, it may trigger seismic activity within the cavern or surrounding areas.
The dripstone that grows down from the roof of a cavern is called a stalactite. Stalactites are formed by mineral-rich water dripping, leaving behind deposits of minerals such as calcite. Over time, these deposits build up and create elongated structures hanging from the cave ceiling.
Caverns that form in limestone areas, due to rain water dissolving the limestone over millions of years, produce stalactites and stalagmites. Stalactites are icicle-like rock formations of deposited limestone hanging down from the cavern's roof. Stalagmites grow upwards from the cavern floor, due to the limestone solution dripping on the floor from the roof. In some cases, the stalactite and stalagmite joins in the middle to form a column.
A doline or shake-hole - and depending on the nature of both cave and collapse it can create an entrance to the cave.
Sinkholes form typically as limestone dissolves. A caldera is created by the collapse of volcanic vault ceilings.