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Our Sun, as with all main-sequence stars, is heated by the energy of fusing hydrogen atom to make helium atoms. The gigantic gravity of a main-sequence star causes hydrogen atoms to be smashed together, or 'fused'. The huge heat that results keeps the Sun puffed up to its huge size. In another 4.5 billion years, more or less, the hydrogen will be largely used up, and the Sun will shrink to a point that helium atoms are smashed together, creating lithium atoms.

When all the lithium atoms have been largely smashed together and used up, the Sun will shrink again, and beryllium atoms will result.

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10y ago

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