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The asthenosphere is a semi-fluid layer of the Earth's mantle located beneath the lithosphere, extending from about 100 to 700 kilometers (62 to 435 miles) below the surface. It is composed of partially molten rock that allows for the movement of tectonic plates above it. The asthenosphere's ductility and plasticity enable it to flow slowly, facilitating the convection currents that drive plate tectonics. This layer plays a crucial role in geological processes such as earthquakes and volcanic activity.
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