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When a outer portion of a star explodes does it produce super nova?

no


Why do planets go into super nova?

a super nova is not something that anything goes into. A SUPER NOVA is a part of a stars life cycle when it explodes. THEN all the dust and chips of the star reunite in a super nova remnent forming a COMPLETELY NEW STAR.


What is an explosion that occurs at the end of a massive stars life?

its called a super nova.


Is observed red shift in the light emitted by galaxies the more distant the more red shift the only evidence to conclude that the universe is expanding. Any more evidences. If so what are they?

During the time a super-nova in a very distant galaxy emits light, the first photons it emits have a head start over the last such photons -- ie, they begin to leave earlier. As such, there exists a distance between the first photons and the last photons. If that super-nova occurred over a billion years ago, AND if space is expanding over time, then the distance between the first photons and the last photons will also expand during the billions of years it takes for that distant super-nova to reach us. Because the last photons from a distant super-nova have a greater distance gap than the last photons from a nearby super-nova, distant ones will seem to last longer than nearby ones. The difference in time between the first photons and the last photons from a distant super-nova, as opposed to those from a nearby super-nova, match perfectly with the expansion in space seen in red-shift. In addition, if spatial expansion has been (more or less) constant since the earliest moments of our Universe, then at one time our Universe was far more dense than it is now, and that, at some point, the density dropped to the point where protons and electrons would combine into atoms, photons would no longer be absorbed by atoms, such photons would then be free to travel (and expand their wavelength) for billions of years, and we should observe almost perfectly isotropic microwave radiation coming from all parts of the sky. That was predicted in 1946, and observed eighteen years later -- exactly as predicted.


What is the origin of the word supernova?

Novas have been noted for over 150 years now. But until well into the 20th century, it was thought that all novas were pretty much the same thing, it's just that some were bigger than others. Today we know that a "regular" nova is a very different thing from a supernova, and one of the biggest differences is size. So the logical name for the better understood "large, hot star type of nova" was simply to call it a "supernova". It is not the same thing at all as a "regular" nova, it's mechanics and chemistry are very different.