the amount of solar radiation/the surface area of atmosphere/8
An anticyclone is a region of high atmospheric pressure relative to the surrounding air.
A luminous atmospheric phenomenon appearing as streamers or bands of light sometimes visible in the night sky in northern or southern regions of the earth.
Atmospheric pressure
The troposphere is the closest to the Earth and most dense atmospheric layer
An atmospheric wave is a periodic disturbance in the fields of atmospheric variables like surface pressure or geopotential height, temperature, orwind velocity) which may either propagate
Reflectance curves represent the amount of light that is reflected at different wavelengths across the spectrum. They depict how an object interacts with light by revealing its reflective properties and color appearance under various lighting conditions. Reflectance curves are commonly used in fields such as colorimetry, remote sensing, and materials science to characterize the spectral reflectance of objects.
Some major ground features and their typical spectral reflectance curves include vegetation, which shows high reflectance in the visible spectrum and low reflectance in the near-infrared spectrum; water, which has low reflectance across all wavelengths; soil, which typically has higher reflectance in the visible spectrum and lower reflectance in the near-infrared spectrum; and urban areas, which have varying spectral reflectance depending on surface materials like asphalt, concrete, and buildings.
Reflectance curves show the reflectivity as a function of wavelengt.
Radiance is the variable directly measured by remote sensing instruments. Basically, you can think of radiance as how much light the instrument "sees" from the object being observed. When looking through an atmosphere, some light scattered by the atmosphere will be seen by the instrument and included in the observed radiance of the target. An atmosphere will also absorb light, which will decrease the observed radiance. Radiance has units of watt/steradian/square meter. Reflectance is the ratio of the amount of light leaving a target to the amount of light striking the target. It has no units. If all of the light leaving the target is intercepted for the measurement of reflectance, the result is called "hemispherical reflectance." Reflectance (or more specifically hemispherical reflectance) is a property of the material being observed. Radiance, on the other hand, depends on the illumination (both its intensity and direction), the orientation and position of the target and the path of the light through the atmosphere. With effort, many of the atmospheric effects and the solar illumination can be compensated for in digital remote sensing data. This yields something which is called "apparent reflectance," and it differs from true reflectance in that shadows and directional effects on reflectance have not been dealt with. Many people refer to this (rather inaccurately) as "reflectance." For most of the vegetation indices in this FAQ, radiance, reflectance, and apparent reflectance can be used interchangeably. However, since reflectance is a property of the target material itself, you will get the most reliable (and repeatable) vegetation index values using reflectance. Apparent reflectance is adequate in many cases. See the related link.
The definition of atmospheric movement is the movement of air or air masses.
Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function
Surface reflectance of materials can be measured using instruments such as spectrophotometers or colorimeters, which detect the amount of light reflected off a surface at different wavelengths. These instruments provide quantitative data on the reflectance properties of the material, which can be used to analyze its color and appearance characteristics. By comparing the reflected light to a reference standard, accurate measurements of surface reflectance can be obtained.
Jeff Dozier has written: 'Landsat-D investigations in snow hydrology' -- subject(s): Landsat satellites, Snow, Hydrology, Atmospheric models, Radiative transfer, Image processing, Transmittance, Optical properties, Atmospheric correction, Reflectance, Thematic mapping, Geometric rectification (imagery), Approximation, Computation, Albedo
An anticyclone is a region of high atmospheric pressure relative to the surrounding air.
A dense towering vertical cloud associated with thunderstorms and atmospheric instability
as such there is no soecific difference..
The ratio of reflected flux to incident flux. Flux - The time rate of flow. For example, volume per hour is the flux of a fluid. Reflectance also is called Light reflection Value. In lighting design, we need to consider all reflectance for proper lighting simulation to real time environment. In general, wall, floor, ceiling reflectance will be 50%,80%, 20-40%. It also depends on painting color of room