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What is the atmospheric pressure of the sun?
the sun's atmosphic presure is 649,879,812,588,654 kl
Diagnostic laparoscopy?
DefinitionDiagnostic laparoscopy is a procedure that allows a health care provider to look directly at the contents of a patient's abdomen or pelvis, including the fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, small bowel, large bowel, appendix, liver, and gallbladder.Alternative NamesLaparoscopy - diagnosticHow the test is performedThe procedure is usually done in the hospital or outpatient surgical center under general anesthesia (while the patient is unconscious and pain-free). However, very rarely, this procedure may also be done using local anesthesia, which numbs only the area affected by the surgery and allows you to stay awake.A surgeon makes a small cut below the belly button (navel) and inserts a needle into the area. Carbon dioxide gas is passed into the area to help move the abdominal wall and any organs out of the way, creating a larger space to work in. This helps the surgeon see the area better.A tube is placed through the cut in your abdominal area. A tiny video camera (laparoscope) goes through this tube and is used to see the inside of your pelvis and abdomen. Additional small cuts may be made if other instruments are needed to get a better view of certain organs.In the case of gynecologic laparoscopy, dye may be injected into your cervix area so the surgeon can better see your fallopian tubes.After the exam, the laparoscope and instruments are removed, and the cuts are closed. You will have bandages over those areas.How to prepare for the testDo not eat or drink anything for 8 hours before the test. You must sign a consent form.How the test will feelIf you are given general anesthesia, you will feel no pain during the procedure, although the surgical cuts may throb and be slightly painful afterward. Your doctor may prescribe medicine to relieve pain.With local anesthesia, you may feel a prick and a burning sensation when the local anesthetic is given. The laparoscope may cause pressure, but there should be no pain during the procedure. Afterward, you may also feel soreness at the site of the surgical cut. A pain reliever may be prescribed by your doctor.You may also have shoulder pain for a few days, because the gas used during the procedure can irritate the diaphragm, which shares some of the same nerves as the shoulder. You may also have an increased urge to urinate, since the gas can put pressure on the bladder.Why the test is performedThe examination helps identify the cause of pain in the abdomen and pelvic area. It is done after other, noninvasive tests.Laparoscopy may detect or diagnose the following conditions:AppendicitisCancer, such as ovarian cancerEctopic pregnancyEndometriosisInflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis)Pelvic inflammatory diseaseThe procedure may also be done instead of open surgery after an accident to see if there is any injury to the abdomen.Major procedures to treat cancer, such as surgery to remove an organ, may begin with laparoscopy to rule out the presence of cancer spread (metastatic disease), which would change the course of treatment.Normal ValuesThere is no blood in the abdomen, no hernias, no intestinal obstruction, and no cancer in any visible organs. The uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries are of normal size, shape, and color. The liver is normal.What abnormal results meanAbnormal results may be due to a number of different conditions, including:AdhesionsAppendicitisCholecystitisEndometriosisOvarian cystsPelvic inflammatory diseaseSigns of injurySpread of cancerTumorsUterine fibroidsWhat the risks areThere is some risk of infection. Antibiotics may be given to prevent this complication.There is a risk of puncturing an organ, which could cause leakage of intestinal contents, or bleeding into the abdominal cavity. Such a complication could lead to immediate open surgery (laparotomy).ReferencesMaa J, Kirkwood KS. The appendix. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 18th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2008:chap 49.Postier RG, Squires RA. The acute abdomen. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 18th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2008:chap 45.Reviewed ByReview Date: 09/02/2010Daniel N. Sacks MD, FACOG, Obstetrics & Gynecology in Private Practice, West Palm Beach, FL. Review Provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Alpha fetoprotein?
DefinitionAlpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein normally produced by the liver and yolk sac of a fetus. AFP levels decrease soon after birth. AFP probably has no normal function in adults.A test can be done to measure the amount of AFP in your blood.See also: Quadruple screenAlternative NamesFetal alpha globulin; AFPHow the test is performedBlood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The site is cleaned with germ-killing medicine (antiseptic). The health care provider wraps an elastic band around the upper arm to apply pressure to the area and make the vein swell with blood.Next, the health care provider gently inserts a needle into the vein. The blood collects into an airtight vial or tube attached to the needle. The elastic band is removed from your arm.Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.In infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin and make it bleed. The blood collects into a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip. A bandage may be placed over the area if there is any bleeding.How to prepare for the testThere is no special preparation.How the test will feelWhen the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.Why the test is performedYour doctor may order this test to:Screen for problems in the fetus during pregnancyDiagnose certain liver disordersScreen for and monitor some cancersDuring pregnancy, this AFP test can be done along with the examination of amniotic fluid (amniocentesis) to help detect fetal spina bifida or other birth defects.Normal ValuesThe normal values in males or nonpregnant females is generally less than 40 micrograms/liter.Note: Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.What abnormal results meanGreater-than-normal levels of AFP may be due to:Cancer in testes, ovaries, biliary (liver secretion) tract, stomach, or pancreasCirrhosis of the liverLiver cancerMalignant teratomaRecovery from hepatitisDuring pregnancy, abnormal levels of AFP (as part of a quadruple screen) may be due to:Birth defects, including: AnencephalyDuodenal atresiaGastroschisisOmphaloceleSpina bifidaTetralogy of FallotTurner syndromeInaccurate due dateIntrauterine death (usually results in a miscarriage)Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets, etc.)What the risks areVeins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than from others.Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:Excessive bleedingFainting or feeling light-headedHematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)ReferencesSimpson JL, Otano L. Prenatal genetic diagnosis. In: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, eds. Obstetrics - Normal and Problem Pregnancies. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2007:chap 7.Lee P, Pincus MR, McPherson RA. Diagnosis and management of cancer using serologic tumor markers. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 21st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2006:chap 74.Cunnigham FG, Leveno KL, Bloom SL, et al . Prenatal diagnosis and fetal therapy. In: Cunnigham FG, Leveno KL, Bloom SL, et al, eds. Williams Obstetrics. 22nd ed. New York, NY; McGraw-Hill; 2005:chap 13.
What is the driving distance between KL and KL International Airport?
The driving distance is 36.39mi / 58.56km
What is the distance between KL and Tokyo?
Distance between kl and tokyo is 3323.5 miles.
What is the distance between KL and Melaka?
144 km
What is the distance between Qatar and Malaysia?
doha to KL 5888.46 km doha to KL 5888.46 km
How far is the Moon from the Earth?
A lunar distance (LD) is an astronomical measurement of the distance from the Earth to the Moon. The average distance from Earth to the Moon is 384,403 kilometers or 238,857 miles, but the actual distance varies over the course of the orbit of the moon. Depending on the Moon's location in its orbit, it is between 225,623 and 252,088 miles away from Earth. This is about 30 times the diameter of the Earth.Measurements of the lunar distance are made by measuring the time it takes for light to travel between the LIDAR stations on Earth and the retroreflectors placed on the Moon. Experiments show that the Moon is spiraling away from Earth at an average rate of 3.8 cm per year.Orbital distances are calculated between the center of the Earth and the center of the Moon. So the actual surface-to-surface distance is shorter by about 7457 kilometers (4634 miles).Because tides spin faster than the Moon moves, the tidal reaction pulls the Moon forward a tiny bit. The moon recedes at a rate of approximately 3.8 cm (1.5 inches) per year. When there was only one continent, the rate was less..The moon is on an elliptical orbit, so it it not consistently the same distance from earth. When the moon is the closest to earth, it is 225,623 miles away; when the moon is farthest away from earth, it is 252,088 miles away.
What is the distance from the US to France?
the distance from U.S. to France is 154,843 kl.
What distance represents the distance from point J to KL?
malay ko
In the diagram below which distance represents the distance from point J to kl?
JM
How many km from KL to Paris?
This is an approximate direct (straight line) distance. During actual travel, this distance may change if a different flight route is chosen. The distance between the two places 10450 km
What is the road distance in km from kl to kelantan?
478.4 km by road.
Is 4400 meters larger than 4 kl?
Meters is a a measure of distance, kl is a measure of volume, so they cannot be compared. If you mean km instead of kl, then 4400 meters is longer than 4 km.
How many millimeters are in 13 kl?
The conversion between kl and mm is not possible .On finding the relation we get as follows . but , 1 kl=1000000000 mm cube.
