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One word - hot.
The Earth is made up of four layers, the crust. The mantle, and the inner and outer core. The crust, the outer layer that we live is on average 27miles deep. The Mantle is about 1,800 miles thick and is itself made up of two layers, the upper mantle & the mantle. The upper mantle is mostly molten magma. Depending on the temperature, which ranges between 500 c and 900 c, it has the consistency of thick treacle. The mantle is solid rock and down near the core it's about 4000 c and the pressure is a crushing 1.4 million atmospheres, by comparison the bottom of the deepest part of the ocean (mariana trench nearly 7 miles down) is only 1071 atmospheres.
The outer core is a molten layer of Iron and Nickel some 1,400 miles thick. At a temperature of about 5000 c, It's this liquid layer, though due to the pressure a very thick liquid, that generates the Earths magnetic field as it spins around the inner core. The inner core is a solid mass of iron and nickel of about 760 miles in radius. The temperature here is roughly 5,500 c (same as the surface of the sun) and the pressure has increased to 3.5 million atmospheres. It's this pressure that keeps the iron solid at a temperature well above its melting point.
Hope this helps and you can find out more through Wikipedia.
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∙ 12y ago
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