That point is called aphelion. The related term for an object orbiting around a planet or other non-sun object is apogee.
Aphelion
The perihelion is the closest point to the Sun in the orbit of a planet.It is different for each planet based on the elliptical variation, but will always occur at the same point in each orbit.
At its aphelion, the point furtherest from its primary while in orbit.
Perhillion is the the point of orbit where a planet is closest to the sun
A planet in an elliptical (oval) orbit will move faster as it gets to its closest point to its sun, and slow down as it reaches its furthest point. A planet with a truly circular orbit will have a constant speed.
The Apex
Aphelion
Aphelion
The point in a planet's orbit where it reaches its maximum distance from the Sun is called the Aphelion.
At its aphelionThe aphelion is the point in the orbit of a planet or comet that is at the greatest distance from the sun.
All the planets orbit in a perfect circle, so they always stay the same distance from the sun, except Pluto, which is why it is now a "Dwarf Planet".
Aphelion
That is called apapsis or apoapsis. For orbits that are specifically around the Sun, the term aphelion is also used.
That point in the orbit of the moon which is at the greatest distance from the earth., Fig.: The farthest or highest point; culmination.
in the orbit of a planet there is a point called perihelion which is closest point to the sun and aphelion which is furthest from the sun . Moment of a planet in it's elliptical orbit reaches it's maximum in perihelion
The earth is moving fastest in its orbit at the moment of perihelion, when it is closest to the sun. the happens around January 3.
The planet Mercury is closest to the sun, at about three-tenths Earth's distance at the nearest point in its orbit.