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What layer is hit by the sun's ultraviolet rays and cause the air particles to become electrically charged?
The ionosphere. To clarify, only the low-frequency radio waves incorrectly called "high-frequency" or "HF" of about 50MHz and below are reflected. "Very High Frequency" VHF signals are not reflected, but go straight off into space.
For example, in the "AM" commercial broadcast spectrum, the transmission is reflected back to the Earth and is receivable for great distances, a phenomenon that used to be called "skip". AM signals are in the band of 550KHZ to 1.6 MHz. "FM" stations in the band from 88MHz to 108MHz are only received by "Line of sight" transmissions.
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What is a kid friendly definition of ionosphere?
The ionosphere is the part of the earth's atmosphere (the layers of gases that surround the earth and stay there because of the earth's gravity) where sunrays are able to ionize some of the gas substance. This means that the gas substances, because of the high amounts of energy in the sunrays hitting them, lose or gain electrically charged particles (such as electrons, the tiny charged particles orbiting the atom core, or ions, larger, electrically charged particles) and themselves become electrically charged. Electrical charge is responsible for the fundamental force of physics called electromagnetism, which is what creates magnetism and electricity. Because of this electromagnetism in the ionosphere, when large bursts of sunrays hit the atmosphere from time to time the amazing northern lights and southern lights, the auroras, become visible in the far north and far south of our planet.
In which layer of the atmosphere do the Auroras occur?
In the upper mesosphere and the lower thermosphere, gas particles become electrically charged. Because these charged particles are called ions, this part of the thermosphere is called the ionosphere. In polar regions these ions radiate energy as shimmering lights called auroras, usually in latitudes above 50 degrees. The Aurora Borealis and its southern counterpart the Aurora Australis are formed high in the atmosphere in the ionosphere, which is sometimes considered as part of the thermosphere, the outermost actual atmosphere. Above this layer, the exosphere has so few molecules that they can escape into space. For more information visit the question "What causes the Aurora Borealis?"
What ionosphere gases make up this region?
The ionosphere is composed mostly of atomic oxygen, molecular oxygen, and nitrogen gases. These gases become ionized by solar radiation, creating charged particles that affect radio wave propagation and other communication signals in the Earth's atmosphere.
Raindrops are formed when water vapor condenses on?
particles of dust and other particles in the atmosphere.
What forms when millions of water droplets become suspended in air and collect around small dust particles?
Clouds
Where does gas particles become electrically charged?
Gas particles become electrically charged when they gain or lose electrons due to interactions with other charged particles or electromagnetic fields. This process is known as ionization and can occur in environments such as plasmas, lightning strikes, or particle accelerators.
Can suspensions become electrically charged?
As a suspension is a substance suspended in another medium,it is possible that the substance in it could become electrically charged. eg,flour in air is a suspension,if for example this was moved at high speed through a ventilation system,it would generate static electricity from electron loss (or gain) as the particles collided with the pipework etc.This would cause the flour to become charged,but not the suspension as a whole. I woulds therefore say it is possible for the PARTICLES in a suspension to become electrically charged.
What is the name for the lower portion of the thermosphere where particles become electrically charged?
The region within the lower portion of the thermosphere where particles become electrically charged is called the ionosphere. This layer of the atmosphere contains a high concentration of ions and free electrons, which allows it to reflect radio waves and facilitate long-distance communication.
Why colloid is electrically charged?
Colloids can become electrically charged due to the presence of ions or polar molecules on their surface. This charge can be caused by the adsorption of ions from the dispersing medium, dissociation of functional groups on the colloid particles, or physical interactions between the colloidal particles and the dispersing medium.
What is composed of charged particles?
Many things are composed of charged particles, including atoms (which consist of positively charged protons, neutral neutrons, and negatively charged electrons), ions (atoms with a net positive or negative charge), and plasma (a state of matter in which electrons are stripped from atoms, creating a mix of charged particles).
What considered a fourth state of matter it is a gas with electrically charged particles?
Plasma is considered as the fourth state of matter. It consists of a gas in which a certain proportion of its particles are ionized, meaning they have become electrically charged due to gaining or losing electrons. Plasmas exhibit unique properties and behaviors different from those of gases, liquids, and solids.
Why is an electrical charged rod attracted a dry cork dust?
An electrically charged rod can attract dry cork dust because the dust particles become polarized in the presence of the electric field created by the charged rod. This causes the dust particles to be attracted towards the rod due to the electrostatic force between the charged rod and the polarized dust particles.
When do atoms become electrically charged?
A neutral atom, in order to be neutral, has the same number of protons and electrons. If the atom gains or loses an electron, or more than one, it will become electrically charged.
How can materials become electrically charged?
Materials can become electrically charged by gaining or losing electrons. When an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged, and when it loses electrons, it becomes positively charged. This imbalance of electrons creates an electric charge on the material.
What kind of materials become electrically charged when they are rubbed together?
Insulators
What kind of materials can become electrically charged when they are rubbed together?
When certain materials are rubbed together, they can become electrically charged. These materials are typically non-metallic and include substances like rubber, plastic, and fur.
What is the process called that changes a neutral atom into an electrically charged atom?
Ionization. An electrically charged atom is called an ion. Positively charged ions are called cations, and negatively charged atoms are called anions.
