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On each of the Apollo Moon landing missions, one astronaut stayed orbiting the Moon in the Command Module whilst the other two crew members landed in the Lunar Module.

The two spacecraft needed separate call signs, otherwise when Mission Control called from Earth they wouldn't know which of the craft was being referred to.

On Apollo 17, the Lunar Module - flown by Gene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt - was called "Challenger" and the Command Module - flown by Ronald Evans - was called "America".

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13y ago

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