due south and slightly above the horizon
due south and slightly above the horizon
The point on the horizon that is due west has an altitude of zero and an azimuth of 270 degrees.
At zero degrees altitude, you would be at ground level or sea level. This position marks the horizon line where the sky meets the Earth.
Ah, the azimuth of the moon rise, isn't that a peaceful thing to ponder? The azimuth tells us where to look for the moon to grace us with its gentle presence. Just remember to find due east, follow where the moon takes its leisurely rise, and you're sure to feel a touch of magic in the evening sky.
Altitude describes an object's position relative to sea level. An object in a position higher than sea level would have a positive altitude, sea level would have an altitude of zero, and any object below sea level would have a negative altitude.
due south and slightly above the horizon
The point on the horizon that is due west has an altitude of zero and an azimuth of 270 degrees.
If a star's azimuth is 90 degrees, it is located directly east on the horizon. An altitude of 45 degrees means that the star is positioned halfway up in the sky, forming a right angle with the horizon. Therefore, this star would be visible in the eastern sky at an angle that is halfway between the horizon and the zenith.
The back azimuth is the direction opposite to a given azimuth. To calculate the back azimuth of 179 degrees, you would add 180 degrees. Since 179 + 180 equals 359 degrees, the back azimuth of 179 degrees is 359 degrees.
Azimuth about 270 degrees. That's due West. Elevation (or altitude) about 5 degrees. That's just above the horizon. Venus is always fairly near the Sun in the sky. The Sun sets roughly in the West. Amongst other things, the actual azimuth would depend on time of year and different latitude, of course. I've used the convention for azimuth of North 0 or 360 degrees, West 270 degrees, South 180 degrees, East 90 degrees. There are other conventions.
As the request is for the back azimuth, then what is wanted is the reverse (or inverse) of the azimuth, 223 degrees. In other words, an object moved in the direction of 223 degrees (Southwest relatively), but now the desire is to reverse the travel in order to arrive at the starting point. (That starting point would have to be Northeast relatively.) One does not typically work with directions exceeding 360 degrees nor less than 0 degrees as that range is the range of a compass. Therefore, the back azimuth of 223 degrees, whatever it is, must be between zero and 360 degrees. To determine the back azimuth all that is necessary is the knowledge that 1) the back azimuth is the opposite direction of the azimuth and 2) 180 degrees either added or subtracted will yield the back azimuth, and 3) the correct back azimuth must be in the range of zero to 360 degrees. Given this knowledge and the variable definitions Ab = Back Azimuth and A = Azimuth, Ab = A + 180 or Ab = A - 180 But which equation yields the correct back azimuth? Using knowledge point #3 above, the correct result will be the one that is between zero and 360 degrees. Therefore, Ab = A - 180 = 223 - 180 = 43 degrees is the correct back azimuth. The other choice, Ab = A + 180 = 223 + 180 = 403 degrees, exceeds the range of the compass, so 403 degrees cannot be the correct back azimuth.
Declination Diagram
That will depend on the time of day. The point in the sky at that RA and declination will revolve all the way around any observer at that latitude in roughly 24 hours. The highest it will ever get in his sky will be when it transits due south of him. At that moment, its azimuth will be 180° and its elevation will be 60° above the southern horizon.
85 degrees (provided the distance is not more than a few miles).
Defining a stars location is done with a coordinate system just as one would use a X & Y system for graphing. Locating a star involves what compass direction the star can be found (azimuth) and how high above the visible horizon (altitude).
The altitude of Polaris, also known as the North Star, can be determined by the observer's latitude. Las Vegas, Nevada, is located at approximately 36 degrees North latitude, so Polaris would be found at an altitude of about 36 degrees above the northern horizon. This means that if you look north from Las Vegas, Polaris would appear at that angle relative to the horizon.
At zero degrees altitude, you would be at ground level or sea level. This position marks the horizon line where the sky meets the Earth.