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The Cosmic Microwave Background, or CMB, is a nearly-isotropic 2.725 K signal which formed during the epoch of recombination (when the universe went from being mostly ionized to mostly neutral) approximately 300,000 years after the big bang.

It was first postulated in 1948 by George Gamow, Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman, who predicted its temperature to be approximately 5k. However their work was largely forgotten until Robert Dicke arrived independently at the same prediction in the 1960s. The first publication discussing CMB radiation was in 1964 by two Soviet physicists.

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15y ago

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