Who stayed on the spaceship orbiting the Moon when answers to 1?

Answer 1

During the first lunar landing, by Apollo 11 in July 1969, Michael Collins was the pilot of the Command Module that orbited the moon, whilst Neil Armstrong and Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin landed on the lunar surface.

There were five further successful lunar landings after Apollo 11:

Apollo 12, in mid-November 1969, where Richard F. Gordon Jnr. was Command Module Pilot

Apollo 14, in early February 1971, where Stuart A. Roosa piloted the Command Module

Apollo 15, in late July 1971, where Alfred M. Worden was Command Module pilot

Apollo 16, in the second part of April 1972, where Thomas A. Mattingley II was Command Module pilot

Apollo 17, in mid-December 1972, where the Command Module was piloted by Ronald B. Evans

Apollo 13 never made a lunar landing due to the nearly catastrophic disaster that befell the mission on the outward bound trip to the Moon, when an oxygen tank exploded. The main priority after that was to get back to Earth safely, so the ship made an orbit of the Moon in order to use the energy from this manoevure to 'sling-shot' the craft back towards Earth. However, the Command Module pilot on this ill-fated mission was John L. Swigert Jnr. Thomas Mattingley, who flew on the Apollo 16 mission, was originally scheduled as pilot for this trip, but was replaced by Swigert at the last minute.

Answer 2

Michael Collins remained on the Command Module orbiting the Moon while Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin descended to the lunar surface during the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. He later rejoined them after their successful moonwalk.