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Basically they form kinda like mini-volcanos. The ice cube freezes at the top first, from the outside edges in, and under the right conditions you can be left with a tiny hole somewhere in the middle that isn't frozen yet.

Ice takes up more volume than water since it forms crystals as it freezes. The expanding ice forces the remaining water up through the hole, where the outside of the bulge of water freezes. The inside remains liquid and continues to push upward. This continues, forming a longer and longer spike until either the end of the spike freezes over or the ice cube runs out of water to push up through the spike due to it all freezing.

Distilled water works best, since any impurities in the water can act as nucleation sites and make the hole freeze up before the ice spike forms.

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12y ago

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