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When an object moves through the air very, very fast the air pressing on the object gets extremely hot (thousands of degrees). This happens to the Shuttle when it reenters the Earth's atmosphere at the end of every mission. There are panels on the Shuttle that protect it from this heat during reentry.

When Colombia was launched a piece of insulating foam on the big orange fuel tank came off and hit the wing of the Shuttle (the Orbiter) making a hole in these protective panels. Later, during reentry, this let the hot gasses generated during reentry to get inside the wing. This began a set of cascading failures that resulted in the Shuttle dissentigrating -- breaking up.

It did not crash, it dissentirated in the air.

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