For the same reason they form following any explosion: heated air from explosion is lighter than surrounding air, making it buoyant and it therefor rises. The cloud is visible because of entrained debris, vaporized metal, smoke from fires, etc. produced by the explosion (nuclear or not). Nuclear mushroom clouds are simply more spectacular because more energy was released, making them hotter.
A low altitude detonation or a groundburst will cause a crater to form. Nuclear detonations that take place near the ground (but not underground) will create a mushroom cloud (this is caused by a Raleigh-Taylor instability). I have noted that a lower level detonation close to the ground will suck up material into the fireball and create a more pronounced stem.
A mushroom cloud is a distinctive pyrocumulus mushroom-shaped cloud of condensed water vapor or debris resulting from a very large explosion. They are most commonly associated with nuclear explosions, but any sufficiently large blast will produce the same sort of effect. Mushroom clouds are formed by many sorts of large explosions under earth gravity, though they are best known for their appearance after nuclear detonations. Inside a mushroom cloud: cooler air is drawn into the rising toroidal fireball, which itself cools into the familiar cloud appearance.
A solar nebula begins to form when a cloud of gas and dust in space collapses under its own gravity. This collapse can be triggered by a nearby supernova explosion, a shockwave from a passing star, or other disturbances in the interstellar medium.
Air and water form a cloud.
This process occurs through gravitational collapse, where the cloud contracts under its own gravity until nuclear fusion ignites in its core, forming a star. The remaining material in the cloud can go on to form planets and other celestial objects in a protoplanetary disk around the new star.
Gravity if forming the clouds from the atomic bomb.
A low altitude detonation or a groundburst will cause a crater to form. Nuclear detonations that take place near the ground (but not underground) will create a mushroom cloud (this is caused by a Raleigh-Taylor instability). I have noted that a lower level detonation close to the ground will suck up material into the fireball and create a more pronounced stem.
The force of the explosion pushes the air out from around it, creating a pocket of low air pressure. As the smoke and debris cloud begins rising, fresh air flows in from outside the area of explosion, forcing the cloud higher and forming the shape of a mushroom. This can happen with any sufficiently powerful explosion, but it's most well known and most well associated with nuclear explosions.
A mushroom cloud is a distinctive pyrocumulus mushroom-shaped cloud of condensed water vapor or debris resulting from a very large explosion. They are most commonly associated with nuclear explosions, but any sufficiently large blast will produce the same sort of effect. Mushroom clouds are formed by many sorts of large explosions under earth gravity, though they are best known for their appearance after nuclear detonations. Inside a mushroom cloud: cooler air is drawn into the rising toroidal fireball, which itself cools into the familiar cloud appearance.
Surface burts
Yes. an X kiloton of Nuclear bomb vs X kiloton of RDX/TNT. Nuclear Explosion is more destructive because apart from Shock wave and cloud of fire it will make the entire region Radio Active which will not only destroy the life and life forms currently present but will ruin that area for ages to come.
Yes. In fact, any large explosion(atomic or otherwise)which occurs on or near the ground will cause a mushroom cloud. This is because the explosion creates a mass of superheated air and debris, which will expand and rise upwards because its density is less, and its temperature higher, than the surrounding air; basically the same principle that causes hot-air balloons to rise. This is what gives you the iconic "mushroom" cloud. About the only time you wouldn't expect to see such a cloud is if the detonation occurs deep under ground or water, or at extremely high altitudes.
Mushroom clouds result from atomic bomb explosions. These clouds form due to the intense heat and pressure generated during the detonation, causing a vertical column of hot air, smoke, and debris to rise rapidly into the atmosphere. The top of the column then expands, creating the distinctive mushroom shape.
A mushroom cloud is a distinctive mushroom-shaped cloud of condensed water vapor or debris resulting from a very large explosion. They are most commonly associated with nuclear explosions, but any sufficiently large blast will produce the same sort of effect. They can be caused by powerful conventional weapons. Volcano eruptions and impact events can produce natural mushroom clouds. Mushroom clouds form as a result of the sudden formation of a large mass of hot, low-density gases near the ground creating a Rayleigh-Taylor instability, an instability of an interface between two fluids of different densities, which occurs when the lighter fluid is pushing the heavier fluid. The mass of gas rises rapidly, resulting in turbulent vortices curling downward around its edges and drawing up a column of additional smoke and debris in the center to form its "stem". The mass of gas eventually reaches an altitude where it is no longer of lower density than the surrounding air and disperses, the debris drawn upward from the ground scattering and drifting back down. Mushroom clouds are formed by many sorts of large explosions under earth gravity, though they are best known for their appearance after nuclear detonations. In space the explosion would be somewhat spherical. Nuclear weapons are usually detonated above the ground (not upon impact, because most of the energy would be dispelled into the ground) in order to maximize the effect of their spherical expanding fireball. After immediate detonation, the fireball itself begins to rise into the air, acting on the same principle as a hot-air balloon. One way to analyze the motion, once the hot gas has cleared the ground sufficiently, is as a "spherical cap bubble", as this gives agreement between the rate of rise and observed diameter. While it rises, air is drawn into it and upwards (similar to the updraft of a chimney), producing strong air currents known as "afterwinds", while inside the head of the cloud the hot gases rotate in a toroid shape. When the detonation itself is low enough, these afterwinds will draw in dirt and debris from the ground below to form the stem of the mushroom cloud. Nuclear mushroom clouds are often also accompanied by short-lived vapor clouds, "Wilson condensation clouds," also known as vapor rings. These are created by the blast wave causing a sudden drop in the surrounding air temperatures, causing water vapor in the air to condense around the explosion cloud. Detonations produced high above the ground do not create mushroom clouds. The heads of the clouds themselves consist of highly-radioactive particles and other fission products, and usually are dispersed by the wind, though weather patterns (especially rain) can produce problematic nuclear fallout. Detonations below ground level or deep below the water (for instance, nuclear depth charges) also do not produce mushroom clouds, as the explosion causes the vaporization of a huge amount of earth and water in these instances. Detonations underwater but near the surface can produce mushroom clouds, however.
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. When a nuclear device is exploded, a large fireball is created. Everything inside of this fireball vaporizes, including soil and water, and is carried upwards. This creates the mushroom cloud that we associate with a nuclear blast, detonation, or explosion. Radioactive material from the nuclear device mixes with the vaporized material in the mushroom cloud. As this vaporized radioactive material cools, it becomes condensed and forms particles, such as dust. The condensed radioactive material then falls back to the earth; this is what is known as fallout. Because fallout is in the form of particles, it can be carried long distances on wind currents and end up miles from the site of the explosion. Fallout is radioactive and can cause contamination of anything on which it lands, including food and water supplies. A nuclear detonation creates a severe environment including blast, thermal pulse, neutrons, x- and gamma-rays, radiation, electromagnetic pulse (EMP), and ionization of the upper atmosphere.
Enough of either U235 or PU239 to form a critical mass and hence a large explosion
A nuclear explosion is initiated by triggering a chain reaction inside a nuclear device, either through implosion or gun-type mechanisms. This chain reaction causes rapid and uncontrolled splitting of atomic nuclei, releasing an immense amount of energy in the form of heat, light, and radiation, resulting in an explosion.