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During its formation, the moon was molten liquid rock. In this state the matter was free to move in accordance to the forces acting on it, so it formed into a shape combining the all-directions inward gravity of its mass (which alone would form a perfect sphere) and the perpendicular-to-axial centripetal force from its spinning once per 27.3 days (which alone would form a two dimensional expanding disk). This combination was an oblate spheroid. From Earth, this shape appears as an oval.

Alternatively, when near the horizon, the Earth's atmosphere distorts the image of the Moon through diffraction of light, resulting in its apparent compression and an oval shape.

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8y ago

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