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While the earth heats up nicely with the direct rays of the visible and UV rays of the sun, the earth is always radiating out infrared (longwave) energy. The rate of radiation is governed by several things which include the moisture, the type of surface (concrete vs dark farm soil), clouds, and the amount of energy received during the day from the sun. In dessert areas where the air is dry, by the next morning, the lack of moisture in the air allows for quite a bit of cooling, but in areas of high humidity the radiation is held by the greenhouse effect and doesn't cool off as much. Water vapor is the strongest of the greenhouse gasses as far as keeping the earth from cooling off too much. So with that and Carbon Dioxide there is a 20 to 25 degree temperature range from high to low during the 24 hour day in most regions and a 30 to 40 degree temperature range in very dry regions.

In large cities, concrete is not efficient at radiating heat and hold on to it because of the Stefan Boltzman law for black body radiation. Thus cities stay warmer at night than out in the country.

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