Humoral immunity is effected by antibodies produced by plasma cells toward a specific foreign antigen.
Cellular immunity does not directly involve antibodies, but refers to cellular destruction of alien cells/tissues by production of cytotoxins locally, typically the latter are produced by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells.
The difference between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity is that humoral immunity uses B cells and T cells whereas mediated immunity only uses the T cells. Also humoral immunity provides a defense against antigens and pathogens in body fluids whereas cell-mediated immunity protects from abnormal cells and pathogens inside living cells.
Cell-mediated immunity. T cells play a key role in cell-mediated immunity by directly attacking infected cells or coordinating the immune response.
Mediators of humoral immunity include antibodies, which are produced by B cells and circulate in the bloodstream. These antibodies can recognize and bind to specific antigens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. In addition, cytokines released by activated B cells and helper T cells help regulate the immune response and stimulate antibody production.
humoral immunity
Humoral
humoral immunity response
This statement is not accurate. Pathogens can provoke both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated responses at the same time. The type of immune response generated depends on the specific characteristics of the pathogen and the immune system of the host.
Cytokines
Helper T cells
T lymphocytes (T cells) are the cell type that interacts with both humoral and cell-mediated immune pathways. They help orchestrate immune responses by recognizing antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells and signaling other immune cells to either produce antibodies (in the case of B cells) or kill infected cells directly.
The extracellular spaces are protected by the humoral immune response, in which antibodies produced by B cells cause the destruction of extracellular microorganisms and prevent the spread of intracellular infections. This is often called antibody mediated immunity. This response is triggered by an antigen and usually requires helper T cells.
T-cell memory is very important for long-lasting immunity, because T-cells control both humoral and cell mediated immunity.When the immune system recognizes a foreign antigen for the first time, an immune response is produced. When T cells are involved, immunological T-cell memory is produced. When the body encounters same antigen subsequently, a stronger immune response is produced. This is because of existing immunological memory against that antigen. Further antigenic stimulus increases the immune response. First antigenic stimulus is "priming"whereas subsequent stimuli are "booster". This is the principle of active immunization.