The Father of Environmental Determinism is Frederich Ratzel ,the German geographer,who is known as Father of Human Geography also.
Environmental determinism is a school of thought that suggests that human societies are shaped and determined by their physical environment. This theory argues that environmental factors, such as climate, geography, and resources, have the primary influence on cultural development and societal progress. Critics argue that environmental determinism oversimplifies the complex interactions between humans and their environment.
The implication of environmental determinism and possibilism on Nigeria development is preparedness in disaster management.
three theories explain this:1.environmental determinism 2.environmental possibilism 3.nature-human theory
Environmental determinism is the belief that the physical environment directly determines the development of human societies and cultures. This theory suggests that factors such as climate, topography, and resources dictate how societies will evolve. In contrast, possibilism argues that while the environment can influence human societies, it does not solely determine their development. Possibilism suggests that human agency and technological advancements can overcome environmental limitations and create new possibilities for societies to thrive.
Examples of environmental determinism include the belief that geography and climate dictate a society's development and culture, such as the idea that desert climates lead to nomadic lifestyles. Another example is how proximity to natural resources may determine economic patterns, like the importance of rivers for agricultural societies. Additionally, the impact of disease on population density and settlement patterns can be seen as a form of environmental determinism.
External determinism is the belief that all events, actions, and choices are predetermined by factors outside of an individual's control, such as environmental influences, societal norms, or fate. In this view, individuals have little to no free will and their destinies are shaped by external forces.
Possibilism is the belief that anything is possible. Meaning given whatever environmental conditions we are able to overcome them through knowledge, skills, technology and money. Environmental Determinism is when the conditions in the environment tell us what we are capable of doing.
Environmental probabilism is the notion that a given environment can be modified in many probable ways for a particular purpose through sound environmental engineering,as opposed to environmental determinism. It is an extention of environmental possibilism.
Environmental possibilism is the idea that although the environment may be limiting in some aspects, humans have the ultimate power to adjust to their environment. This is opposite the theory proposed by environmental determinism, which suggests that the environment itself shaped our social behaviours.
If you mean environmental determinism: people believe that the environment determines the culture, beliefs, religion, lifestyle of the area, including what they wear, what they eat, how they dress everything. The environment is very important, is what environmental determinist's believe.
Environmental probabilism is the notion that a given environment can be modified in many probable ways for a particular purpose through sound environmental engineering,as opposed to environmental determinism. It is an extention of environmental possibilism.
Environmental determinism is a theory that suggests that environmental factors, such as climate and geography, determine the cultural and societal development of a region. It posits that human behavior and characteristics are influenced primarily by the natural environment in which they live. However, this theory has been largely discredited as it oversimplifies the complex interactions between humans and their environment, overlooking the role of social, political, and economic factors in shaping human societies.