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A governor is a mechanical device in the injection pump on older diesels. The accelerator pedal does not control the amount of fuel into the engine - it commands the engine to run at a certain speed. The governor controls the position of the fuel rack in the pump to control the volume of fuel injected in each cylinder.

Newer diesels do the same thing in software. No mechanical governor exists. The pedal is connected to a position sensor; the injectors are computer controlled.

The engine and vehicle speed limiters are in software also.

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