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A decent estimate of the speed of sound at sea level in dry air is (331.3+0.606*T)m/s where T is in °C. That means that at 20 °C, the speed would be about 343.2 m/s. Using that value, you get an estimate.of about 3 seconds (2.912 from the equation) for a sound wave to travel 1 km. Factors that can change it include: altitude (as pressure drops, the speed of sound decreases), frequency (in dry air, the speed of sound increases by about 0.1 m/s as the frequency rises from 10 Hz to 100 Hz, but above 100 Hz, where pretty much all car alarms sound, it's essentially constant), and humidity (the difference between 0% and 100% humidity is about 1.5 m/s at standard pressure and temperature). None of these effects are anywhere near as significant as the temperature of the air though.

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Wiley Waelchi

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3y ago

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