Typically, you do not leave any spaces before or after a hyphen when using it in writing. For example, in compound words like "mother-in-law," there are no spaces around the hyphens. However, in some formatting contexts, such as in lists or bullet points, you might see different spacing practices, but standard grammar rules dictate no spaces around hyphens.
There should be no spaces within a hyphenated word. For example: ex-husband.Note in the example that there are no spaces before and after the hyphen.
Typically, there should be no spaces before or after a hyphen when it is used to connect words, as in compound adjectives (e.g., "well-known author"). However, when a hyphen is used to indicate a range of numbers or dates, it's common to place a space before and after the hyphen (e.g., "1990 - 2020"). Always consider the style guide you are following, as conventions can vary.
None!
In the case of a hyphenated word, none. In the case of a hyphen used as a dash, once before and once after.
2
2
0 spaces before and after a dash
One.
123
One space is sufficient.
None. 8:00, 5:15 -- no spaces.
In a formal letter, there should be one space between the closing phrase (e.g., "Sincerely") and the last paragraph. Additionally, leave a few blank lines (typically 3-4) for your signature before typing your name. So, in total, there is usually one space before "Sincerely" and several spaces afterward for the signature.