That is the 'axle'.
The gripping power between a vehicle tires and a roadway surface is called traction
The region between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole is called the Arctic region. The region between the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole is called the Antarctic region.
the equator
The part of egg which has more concentration of yolk is the vegetal pole and the part with less concentration of yolk is called the animal pole.
Traction.
axis
It is called the pole vault pit.
difference between a/s and a/t tires
Treadless racing tires called are slicks.
The "stick" itself is just called a pole or a pole vaulting pole. The poles are named by their length and maximum weight it can hold. For instance, a pole that is 12 feet tall and can hold a pole vaulter with a maximum weight of 130 pounds is a 12 foot 130 pole.
At the South Pole, aurora are called aurora australis.
a pole