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A polynucleotide chain consists of a backbone made of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, linked by phosphodiester bonds. The sugars are typically ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA. Attached to each sugar is a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine in DNA; uracil replaces thymine in RNA), which pairs with complementary bases on another strand in double-stranded nucleic acids. This structure allows for the formation of helical shapes, particularly in DNA.
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The struct of RNA?
RNA is a single polynucleotide chain.
What is a polynucleotide?
Polynucleotide is a molecule that is usually in DNA and RNA. It is biopolymer composed and usually has thirteen or more nucleotides.
In DNA molecule how many polynucleotide strands are present?
In a DNA molecule, two polynucleotide strands are present. These strands are arranged in a double helix structure, with each strand consisting of a sequence of nucleotides that are complementary to each other.
What has the author Roshan Shafai written?
Roshan Shafai has written: 'The polynucleotide structure of a germin gene'
Why is DNA called polynucleotide?
DNA is called a polynucleotide because it is composed of multiple nucleotides linked together in a chain. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base, and when these nucleotides join together through phosphodiester bonds, they form a long chain called a polynucleotide.
Which component of a nucleotide present within a DNA molecule could be removed without breaking the polynucleotide chain?
all i know is that its not phosphate
The two molecules that alternate to form the backbone of a polynucleotide chain are?
The two molecules that alternate to form the backbone of a polynucleotide chain are deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups, which create a sugar-phosphate backbone. These molecules bond together through phosphodiester bonds to form the structure of DNA and RNA.
Which componet of a nucleotide present within a DNA molecule could be removed without breaking the polynucleotide chain?
The phosphate group can be removed from a nucleotide without breaking the polynucleotide chain within a DNA molecule. The phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar molecule in a nucleotide through a phosphodiester bond, which does not affect the backbone of the DNA chain when cleaved.
How many polynucleotide strands do RNA have?
RNA typically consists of a single polynucleotide strand.
What bonds form a polynucleotide strand?
A polynucleotide strand forms from covalent bonds known as phosphodiester bonds, which link together the individual nucleotides (composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base). These phosphodiester bonds connect the 3' carbon of one nucleotide to the 5' carbon of the next nucleotide in the strand, creating a linear chain.
What is the difference between an endonuclease and an exonuclease?
An endonuclease cleaves nucleic acids internally at specific recognition sites, while an exonuclease cleaves nucleic acids at the ends by removing nucleotides one at a time. Endonucleases are involved in processes like DNA repair and recombination, while exonucleases are important for proofreading during DNA replication.
What is created when nucleotides join together into a polynucleotide?
When nucleotides join together into a polynucleotide, they form a long chain known as a nucleic acid, such as DNA or RNA. This process involves the formation of phosphodiester bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of another, creating a backbone that holds the sequence of nitrogenous bases. The specific arrangement of these bases encodes genetic information essential for biological functions.
